Transcript explain - Aurora City Schools

• Imagine a nerve cell that measures 125 µm x 1
µm x 1 µm. Predict how its surface area-tovolume ratio compare with those in the project
yesterday. Then calculate the ratio and check
out your prediction.
• How does the endosymbiotic theory explains
the evolution of eukaryotic cells?
• Antibiotics usually only effective against
bacteria and kill them by reacting with their cell
wall. Explain how it is possible that antibiotics
do not destroy other cells.
• What are biofilms and how did they
potentially contribute to the evolution of
cells?
• How do bacteria perform cellular
respiration if they don’t have mitochondria
and photosynthesis if they don’t have
chloroplasts?
• If bacteria only reproduce asexually, how
can they have such a wide genetic diversity?
• The following data were collected by observing
subcellular structures of three different types of
eukaryotic cells.
Based on an analysis of the data, identify a likely primary
function of each cell type and explain how the data
support the identification
• Males afflicted with Kartagener’s syndrome are
sterile because of immotile sperm, and they
tend to suffer from lung infections. This
disorder has a genetic basis. Suggest what the
underlying defect might be.
• List organelles that you would expect to see in
large numbers in the following cells:
– Cells that specialize in water transport
– Cells that specialize in motion
– Cells that specialize in protein hormone production
– Cells that specialize in steroid hormone production
– Cells that specialize in detoxification
• Do plants have mitochondria? Why or why not?
• Describe structural and functional distinctions
between rough and smooth ER.
• Describe what the endomembrane system is
and how it is an interconnected entity within
the cell.
• Describe how transport vesicles integrate the
endomembrane system.
• Describe the path of a protein from the nucleus
where the genetic information is stored for its
production to its final destination outside of the
cell.
• Explain how the structure of the Golgi apparatus
fits to perform its function.
• Explain how the structure of the smooth ER fits to
perform its function.
• Explain how the structure of microfilaments and
microtubules fit to perform their functions.
• Describe the location and the general structure of
the extracellular layer of cells. How does this
structure fit to perform its function?
• How would an animal cell be impacted by the loss
or depletion of an extracellular matrix?
• What would happen if plant cells did not have any
plasmodesmata?
And one more really evil question on
cell structure:
• The polypeptide chain that makes up a tight
junction waves back and forth through the
membrane four times, with two extracellular
loops, and one loop plus short C-terminal and
N-terminal tails in the cytoplasm. What would
you predict about the types of amino acid side
chains that make up the tight-junction
protein?