Transcript Smoking and Disease

Chapter 14.3
Objectives
 Describe two circulatory system conditions that can be
caused by smoking
 Explain how smoking affects the lungs
 Describe two respiratory system diseases that can be
caused by smoking
 Explain how smoking affects unborn babies and
infants
Key
Terms
 Nicotine
 Tar
 Atherosclerosis
 Heart attack
 Stroke
 Hypertension
 Lung cancer
 Emphysema
 Bronchitis
 Asthma
Why is it Hard to Quit Smoking?
 Nicotine is an addictive drug
 It is absorbed through the lining of the mouth
 It is absorbed through the Alveoli of the lungs
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

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It enters the blood and is distributed throughout the body
Only 10 seconds after smoke is inhaled, nicotine reaches the
brain
A brief “pleasurable” feeling is felt, then more smoke must be
inhaled, as time goes by more smoke is needed
Stopping smoking leads to “withdrawal” symptoms
Health Effects of Smoking
 Smoke contains
 Poisons

Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Cyanide
 Cancer causing agents, (carcinogens)

Tar
 Ash
 Particles
 Chemicals
Health Effects of Smoking
 Smoking harms the body’s cleaning system
 The lungs use mucus and cilia to remove small foreign
objects from the lungs
 Coughing removes larger objects from the lung
 Smoking is linked to atherosclerosis
 This can lead to heart attacks
 This can also lead to stroke in the brain
 This can also lead to high blood pressure

hypertension
Health Effects of Smoking
 Lung Cancer, (fewer than 10% live 5 years)
 About 90% of all cases of lung cancer are related to
smoking
 Breathing polluted air could also cause lung cancer,
smoking increases this risk too
 Lung cancer develops very slowly and may not be seen
for 20-40 years
 It takes 10 years for the risks to be reduced, but only
AFTER the person quits smoking
Health Effects of Smoking
 Many other cancers that may be “triggered” by
smoking
 Bladder, pancreas, mouth, kidney, throat, larynx,
esophagus
 About 1/3 of all cancer in the USA is linked to smoking
 There are other serious diseases linked to smoking
 Emphysema
 Bronchitis
 Asthma
Secondhand Smoke
 Those that do not smoke may be affected by the
smoking of others
 Slightly lower risks are seen for the same diseases as
smokers
 Pregnant Women, (increased infant death)
 Smokers

Nicotine may cause miscarriage or premature birth
 Secondhand smokers

No data to suggest it is any different than smoking
Summary
 Tobacco smoke contains nicotine and tar
 Smoking increases a person’s risk for developing
diseases of the circulatory and respiratory systems
 Tobacco smoke reduces the ability of the lungs to clean
themselves
 People who breath secondhand smoke are at risk for
the same diseases as smokers
 Smoking affects the health of unborn babies
Definitions
 Nicotine is a toxic, addictive substance found in
tobacco, (is also used as a pesticide to kill insects)
 Tar is a complex mixture of compounds, and ash
particles contained in tobacco smoke
 Atherosclerosis is a disease in which fatty deposits
form in the walls of arteries
 Heart attack is the death of a portion of the heart
caused by reduced blood supply to the heart muscle
 Stroke is a sudden loss of function in a part of the
brain when it is deprived of its blood supply
Definitions
 Hypertension is a condition in which the blood
pressure is consistently higher than normal
 Lung cancer is uncontrolled growth of cells that begins
in the lungs
 Emphysema is a disease in which the Alveoli in the
lung collapse and break apart
 Bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchus
 Asthma is when the bronchus become swollen
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