Transcript PURPOSES AND USES OF CANCER REGISTRATION

Purposes and uses of
cancer registration
E.E.U. Akang
Department of Pathology
University College Hospital
Ibadan, Nigeria
What is a cancer registry?
A cancer registry is a unit that
• Continually and systematically records all new
cancer cases within a defined population
• Periodically analyses and reports such data
• Provides epidemiological data on cancer useful for
research, cancer prevention, and planning and
evaluation of health services
(Shanmugaratnam, 1991)
What data is collected by a
cancer registry?
Minimum information
Sex, age, address, incidence date, most
valid basis of diagnosis, topography,
morphology, behaviour and source of
information
Additional recommended data
Clinical stage, treatment, follow up
duration and status at last contact
What is the raison d'être of the
cancer registry?
Cancer registries must disseminate
information on cancer to their users
Cancer registry data are only valuable if
used for information, research, planning
and evaluation
The cancer registry is essential for the
successful implementation of cancer
control programmes
What is the raison d'être of the
cancer registry?
Cancer registries are required for
• Aetiological research design and
implementation

Primary and secondary prevention

Planning and evaluation of health
services and

Patient care
Therefore data collected must be timely,
accurate and complete
Types of cancer registry
HOSPITAL BASED
Either single hospital or
multi-institution
Improvement of patient care
Professional education
Administrative information
Clinical research
POPULATION BASED
City, state/province or
country
Cancer prevention
Early detection
Determination of cancer
rates and trends
Patterns of care and
outcomes
Research
Evaluation of control efforts
Global coverage by cancer registries
Uses of the cancer registry
1. Epidemiological research
a. Descriptive studies
b. Analytical studies
2. Health care planning and monitoring
a. Patient care
b. Survival studies
c. Cancer screening
3. Other aspects of cancer registration
1. Epidemiological research
a. Descriptive studies
•Variations in different populations may highlight
aetiology, and facilitate prevention
•Time trends may reveal any altered risk factors in
the population
•Evaluation of primary and secondary preventive
measures enable planning of health care services
•Risk of second cancers
•Occurrence of new cases of cancer
•Multiple primary cancers
•Occupational cancer
1. Epidemiological research
b. Analytical studies
1. Cohort studies
Occupational exposures, drug-taking, smoking,
diet and other factors
Outcome of intervention trials
2. Case-control studies
Validation of case series
Cancer registry can be source of cases (and
controls) for studies seeking exposure
information
2. Health care planning and
monitoring
a. Patient care
Cancer registries contribute to patient care
1. indirectly (for example, by describing pathways of
referral and assisting physicians with follow up of
their patients) and
2. directly (by management of cancer care
programmes to ensure that all patients with cancer
receive state-of-the-art diagnosis and treatment and
by monitoring of patient survival)
2. Health care planning and
monitoring
b. Survival studies
•Monitoring of population based survival rates Data
may be stratified according to geographical locale, age
group, sex, and socioeconomic groups, or may be
monitored over time. Allocation of diagnostic and
therapeutic resources where required.
•Randomised clinical trials
Background information and assistance with data
management and follow up of cancer patients)
2. Health care planning and
monitoring
c. Cancer screening
Cancer registries play a crucial role in
demonstrating the effect which cancer screening
programmes have in lowering the incidence of
cancer.
Cancer registries are also helpful in
demonstrating the effect of early detection and
screening on trends in mortality and stage of
clinical presentation with cancer.
3. Other aspects of cancer
registration
•Data resource for hospital departments and
research institutions
•Cancer registry's staff acquire expertise in
disease registration, epidemiology and public
health questions
•Registry's staff may be called on to advise
health authorities and the general public on
questions of disease registration, cancer
causation, cancer prevention and planning of
cancer care
References
•Clin Oncol 1995; 7:143-144
•IARC Scientific Publications, No. 95.
Lyon, 1991; pp. 1-2; 7-21
•http://training.seer.cancer.gov/module_c
ancer_registration/cancer_registration_h
ome.html
•http://www.inctr.org/publications/2008_v
08_n01_s01.shtml
Thanks for
listening!