Transcript 16. The first owner of the Marlboro Company died of lung

LUNG CANCER
Tamara Janjić
Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat
• http://www.carle.org/patientsvisitors/wellness-tools/quizzes/lungcancer-quiz.aspx
The first owner of the Marlboro Company
died of lung cancer
• Cancer that forms in tissues of the lung,
usually in the cells lining air passages
EPIDEMIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
NSCLC
Sub-types:
• Squamos-cell starts near central
bronchi; obstructive lesion; cavity, necrosis
• Adenocarcinoma peripheral lung tissue;
proportionately more common in nonsmokers
• Large cell  poorly differentiated
• Alveolar cell
Staging of NSCLC
• Stage I - lung
• Stage II and III - chest
• Stage IV - body
SCLC
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= Oat cell cancer
Primary and secondary bronchi
Grows rapidly
Paraneoplastic syndrome
Smoking
Sensitive to chemotherapy
Staging of SCLC
• Limited stage – area
of origin in the chest
• Exstensive stage –
other parts of the
body
CLINICAL FEATURES
• Nonspecific: fatigue, weight loss, fever
• Breathing difficulties: dyspnea,
hemoptysis, chronic coughing, wheezing
• Related to metastasis: bone pain,
neurological symptoms
• Paraneoplastic symptoms: Cushing’s
syndrome
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
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Surgery
Lobectomy
Pneumonectomy
NSCLC I and II
20% of cases suitable for resection 
5-year survival rate 25-30%
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Radiotherapy
Radical
Palliative
Prophylactic
cranial irradiation
• Chemotherapy
• Cisplatin
• Carboplatin
PROGNOSIS
• U.S. cigarette manufacturers now
make more money selling cigarettes to
countries around the globe than they
do selling to Americans.
• Urea, a chemical compound that is a
major component in urine, is used to
add “flavor” to cigarettes.
• Nicotine reaches the brain within 10
seconds after smoke is inhaled. It has
been found in every part of the body
and in breast milk.
References
• www.mayoclinic.com
• http://www.carle.org/patientsvisitors/wellness-tools/quizzes/lungcancer-quiz.aspx
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_cancer
• Kumar&Clark: Clinical Medicine