Transcript Men`s Health Issues: A cut, a shave and some good advice

Men’s Health Issues: A cut, a
shave and some good advice
Birgit Bogler, MPA
presentation to
Barbers International Convention
October 16, 2006
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Overview
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Barbers as trusted peer educators
Skin cancer and the big myth
Prostate cancer and the bigger myth
Colorectal cancer and the biggest myth
Why am I here?
• Barbers can be trusted peer educators
– Brother-to-Brother project (HIV risk reduction)
– Centers for Disease Control
• Early detection of cancer
• University of Alabama at Birmingham
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
The Big Myth
• Myth: only fair-skinned people get skin
cancer
Fact
Skin Cancer
• Three major types
– Basal cell carcinoma
– Squamous cell carcinoma
– Malignant melanoma
• Sun exposure responsible for 90%
• Most common cancer in U.S.
– 1.2 million basal & squamous cell carcinomas
– 60,000 melanomas
• Almost 10,000 Americans die each year
Quick Anatomy
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Basal Cell
• Chronic overexposure to the sun
– Face, ears, neck, scalp, shoulders and back
• When not treated quickly, difficult to
eliminate
– Scars and disfigurement
• Low rate of metastasis
Basal Cell
An open sore
A reddish patch
*persistent, nonhealing sore is
early sign
*chest, shoulders,
arms, or legs
A shiny bump
Basal Cell
A scar-like area
A pink growth
*White, yellow or waxy
with uneven borders
*Can indicate aggressive
tumor
Basal Cell
• No one best method to treat
– Cryosurgery, topical chemo, laser, radiation
• Almost all treatments in doctor’s office
• Most need only local anesthetic
• Cure rates 85-99%
Squamous Cell
• Chronic overexposure to the sun
– All places exposed to sun
– Rim of ear and lower lip especially vulnerable
• When not treated quickly, harder to treat
– Scars and disfigurement
Squamous Cell
• 96-97% remain localized
• Those that spread can be fatal
– SCC found on lip, ear, nose have high risk for
metastases
– In persons with weakened immune systems
Squamous Cell
A wart-like
growth
A scaly-red
patch
A scaly-red
patch
An elevated
growth with a
central depression
*can rapidly grow
Squamous Cell
• No one best method to treat
– Cryosurgery, topical chemo, laser, radiation
• Almost all treatments in doctor’s office
• Most need only local anesthetic
• Cure rates 85-99%
Melanoma
• Most serious form of skin cancer
– Causes the most skin cancer deaths
• If found early nearly 100% curable
– If not, high chance of metastases
– Can be hard to treat
Melanoma
• Malignant tumor in the melanocytes
– Cells that produce pigment for skin, hair, eyes
– Cells heavily concentrated in moles
• Melanoma is usually brown but can be pink, red or purple
• Increased risk
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Sun exposure and tanning beds
Lots of moles
Fairer skin – but darker skin is no protection
Personal history of skin cancer or lymphoma
Weakened immune system
Melanoma ABCDs
Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter
Melanoma
• Thin, localized melanomas are surgically
removed
– Most done in doctor’s office using local
anesthesia
• For more advanced disease, treatment
varies
– Melanoma can spread to lymph nodes and
organs
• Cure rates continue to rise
The bigger myth
• Prostate cancer is solely an older (65+)
man’s disease
Prostate Screening
• FACT: the risk of developing prostate
cancer increases beginning at age 40
– African American men have a 60% higher
incidence rate and 2-fold higher mortality rate
• PSA testing is more sensitive than digital
rectal exam for detecting prostate cancer
Talk about PSA
• There are considerations:
– There is no normal PSA level
• The higher the PSA the more likely cancer is
present
– PSA alone cannot distinguish between cancer
and benign prostate conditions
– One abnormal PSA does not necessarily
indicate the need for further diagnostic tests
• Benign prostate enlargement, inflammation,
infection, age and race can elevate PSA
Encouragement
• Encourage men to get a PSA
– African American men 45-70 years old
– Men 45-70 years old with a first degree
relative with prostate cancer
– All men 50-70 years old
The biggest myth
• There is nothing I can do about getting
colorectal cancer
Colorectal Cancer
• FACT: colon cancer can almost always be
prevented
– Colon cancer can almost always be cured if found
early
• About 25% of people 50 and older have colon
polyps
• More than 90% of colon cancer is found in
people 50 and older
– People of African American or Ashkenazi Jewish
ancestry are at increased risk
Colonoscopy
• Encourage men to consider screening
colonoscopy
– Only test that can prevent colon cancer
– Usually painless
– Usually needed once every 10 years
• There are other colon cancer tests
– Not as effective as colonoscopy
– Any test is better than none
• Barbers can help increase rates of
screening for highly curable cancers
• Barbers can help decrease rates of
mortality from highly curable cancers
• Barbers can help reduce health disparities
in mortality from highly curable cancers
• Barbers can help save lives!
Thank you
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