Transcript 2.02 Understand the lymphatic system

2.04
Understand the
functions and disorders of the
lymphatic system
2.04 Understand the
functions and disorders
of the lymphatic system
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What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
What is the importance of the lymphatic system as
it relates to immunity?
How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to
the lymphatic system?
What are some disorders of the lymphatic system
and how are they treated?
2.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the lymphatic system
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The Lymphatic System
What are the functions of the lymphatic
system?
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disorders of the lymphatic system
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The Lymphatic System
1. Fluid balance
Why
is this important?
What happens during
this process? Returns
tissue fluid to general
circulation.
What is the relevance to
health?
____
Fluid
IN
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disorders of the lymphatic system
____
Fluid
OUT
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2. Lymphocyte production
What
are lymphocytes? A type of
white blood cell
What
do they do? *Fight infection
by forming antibodies at the site of
inflammation
What
is their relevance to health?
Release antibodies and protect
against cancer
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The Lymphatic System
3. Filtration
What
How
does a filter do?
do filters relate to the lymphatic system?
Screens out harmful substances
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4. Immunity
is immunity? The body’s ability to
resist invaders, pathogens
Think about how
sneezing relates to
immunity.
What
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The Lymphatic System
Natural immunity
We are born with natural
immunity; inherited and
permanent; it consists of
unbroken skin, mucus, tears
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The Lymphatic System
Natural immunity
Discuss the body’s natural immune
processes seen in this picture.
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disorders of the lymphatic system
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The Lymphatic System
Acquired immunity: Passive
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Borrowed immunity; acquired by injecting
antibodies to protect from a specific disease;
used when someone has been exposed to a
virulent disease (measles, tetanus, hepatits);
this immunity lasts only
3-5 weeks.
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disorders of the lymphatic system
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The Lymphatic System
*Natural Acquired immunity: Active Natural
Had the disease and recovered from it,
therefore has manufactured antibodies
(measles, chickenpox, etc.)
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The Lymphatic System
Acquired immunity: Active Natural
What is the relevance to health?
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disorders of the lymphatic system
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The Lymphatic System
*Artificial Acquired immunity: Active Artificial
Receiving a inoculation with a vaccine, antigen
or toxoid; a child vaccinated with measles is
given a very mild form of the disease and the
body will be stimulated
to manufacture its
own antibodies.
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The Lymphatic System
Acquired
immunity
Active Artificial
Should immunizations be
required?
Why or why not?
*Students who attend
public schools must
receive immunizations.
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The Lymphatic System
REVIEW
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
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How are these functions relevant to health?
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disorders of the lymphatic system
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The Lymphatic System
*Hypersensitivity
*Abnormal response to a drug or allergen;
an allergic person is more sensitive to
certain allergens. *Examples of allergens:
grass, pollen, bee stings, peanuts,
medications, etc.
 *Symptoms: runny nose,
sneezing, itchy eyes, rash
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The Lymphatic System
*Anaphylactic shock
What is it? *Severe, often fatal allergic
reaction
 *Symptoms: breathing problems,
headache, severe facial swelling,
hypotension, stomach cramps, vomiting
 Treatment:
antidote injection of
adrenalin or
antihistamine;
*EPI-PEN
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The Lymphatic System
AIDS (1981)
How is it diagnosed?
(ELISA or Western blot blood test)
What do these terms mean?
 HIV-human immunodeficency virus
 ARC-aids related complex
 AIDS-acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome
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disorders of the lymphatic system
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The Lymphatic System
Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease Syndrome
(AIDS)-a disease that suppresses the body’s natural
immune defense system.
Transmission: sexual contact, sharing IV drug needles,
in utero from infected mother, blood transfusions.
Symptoms: flu-like, disappearing in a week or so; as
the immune system deteriorates symptoms may include
enlarged lymph glands, fatigue, weight loss, fevers and
sweats, yeast infections, rashes, flaky skin, short term
memory loss, susceptible to OPPORTUNISTIC
infections-cancers, yeast infections, pneumonia, etc.
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The Lymphatic System
Cancer is a malignant tumor
that crowds out healthy cells
and draws nutrients away from
body tissues.
Anyone can get cancer;
2nd leading cause of death.
Cancer is included in the lymphatic
system because lymphocytes help
protect the body from formation of
cancer cells.
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The Lymphatic System
*Hodgkin’s disease-cancer of the
lymph nodes
*Symptoms: PAINLESS swelling of the
lymph nodes
Treatment: chemotherapy and radiation
Who is most likely to develop
Hodgkin’s disease?
*More common in males in the 15-35
age group
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*Infectious mononucleosis (aka:
the “kissing disease” or “mono”.);
Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus
and frequently occurs in young
adults and children; spread thru
oral contact.
*Symptoms: enlarged lymph
nodes, fever, physical and mental
fatigue, increased leukocytes
Treatment: bedrest and treat the
symptoms.
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*Lupus erythematosus-a chronic
inflammatory auto-immune disease.
*The most classic symptom of lupus
is a “butterfly” skin rash; other
symptoms include fatigue, joint pain,
in more severe cases the immune
system may attack the kidney,
brain, lung or blood.
Treatment: treat the symptoms, antiinflammatory meds.
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Lymphadenitis-inflammation of lymph nodes/glands
Lymph aden itis
What are the symptoms?
“Swollen glands”
How is it treated?
Treat the symptoms,
antibiotics if due to an infection
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The Lymphatic System
Lymphedema is a
blockage in the
lymphatic system;
usually caused by
damage or removal of
lymph nodes due to
cancer treatment.
Treatment: control the
symptoms; no cure.
Photo used with written permission by the Mayo Clinic.
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The Lymphatic System
*Scleroderma-thickening of the skin and
the blood vessels
Causes: overproduction of collagen
*Symptoms: constriction of blood vessels,
coldness/blueness of hands and feet
(Raynaud’s), reflux, thickened areas especially
fingers, hands and face that causes stiffening
and difficulty moving, difficulty breathing.
Treatment: no known cure; control the
symptoms-PT, OT, meds to suppress immune
system.
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Tonsillitis-inflammation of the
tonsils
Symptoms: Enlarged tonsils,
difficulty swallowing, severe sore
throat, fever, chills.
Treatment: treat the symptoms
Tonsils are only removed in
extreme cases when there are
continued infections.
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The most effective way to
prevent the spread of germs!
2.06 Understand the functions and disorders
of the respiratory system
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2.04 Understand the
functions and disorders
of the lymphatic system

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What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
What is the importance of the lymphatic system as
it relates to immunity?
How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to
the lymphatic system?
What are some disorders of the lymphatic system
and how are they treated?
2.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the lymphatic system
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