Transcript IS360IntroductionToWebPagesx

Introduction to
Web Pages
Lecture Overview
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Evolution of the Internet and Web
Web Protocols
History of the Internet
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It began as the ARPANET
It became NSFNET while funded by the
National Science Foundation
There was no WWW
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It was really just FTP e-mail and Usenet news
There were no search engines
History of the Web
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In 1991, Tim Berners-Lee created the Web at
the Particle Physics Laboratory in Cern
Switzerland
He established the World Wide Web
Consortium (W3C) in 1994 to foster
international standards
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Today the W3C defines standards for most
Web-based protocols
Internet / Web Standards
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Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
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The Internet Architecture Board (IAB)is a
standing committee of the IETF
They publish RFCs
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
publishes standards for the Web
A Brief History of HTML
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1989:
1994:
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1995
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Created by Tim Berners-Lee
HTML specification released
along with DTD
Netscape formed
W3C was formed
HTML3 draft (draft expired)
Internet Explorer released
Cascading Style Sheets
A Brief History of HTML
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1997:
1999:
2001:
2008:
Html 4.0 Draft
HTML 4.01
XHTML 1.1 (XHTML 2.0 died)
HTML5 working draft
Web Markup Languages
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In the beginning there was the Standard Generalized
Markup Language (SGML)
 It was unruly
HTML was created to “markup” Web pages
XML was created to represent just about any kind of
data
XHTML is HTML written in XML
HTML 5 is the next generation of HTML
We will use HTML 5 in this course
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They are not all that different
The World Wide Web
Consortium
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The W3C is the standards setting body for
various protocols
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HTTP
HTML
XML
And many more
Visit www.w3.org
Web Page Round Trip
Client
(Request)
Client
(Render)
Server
(Receive)
Server
(Send HTML)
Server
(Process)
A Word about Web Browsers
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Everyone has their favorite
IE, FireFox, Chrome, …
As we begin to program more, we will learn
about differences between one browser and
the next and the challenges of programming
against different browsers
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Not to mention the mobile world
I’ll use Chrome in the course because of its
rich HTML debugging capabilities