Transcript Linked Data

Linked Data
for Libraries, Archives, Museums
Learning objectives
•Define the concept of linked data
•State 3 benefits of creating linked data and making it available
•Outline the process of creating LD
•State how to make use of LD created by others
Basic Terms
Linked Data (LD)
"a term used to describe a recommended
best practice for exposing, sharing, and
connecting pieces of data, information, and
knowledge on the Semantic Web using
URIs and RDF."
http://linkeddata.org/faq
Linked Open Data (LOD)
Linked Data that is explicitly
published under an open license.
Not all Linked Data will be open,
and not all Open Data will be
linked
LOD-LAM
Linked Open Data
in
Libraries Archives Museums
#lodlam
URI
Uniform Resource Identifier
A string of characters used to identify a name
or resource on the Internet
RDF
Resource Description Framework
“a metadata data model. It has come to be used
as a general method for conceptual description
or modeling of information that is implemented
in web resources, using a variety of syntax
formats.”
Wikipedia
RDF
Defined statements compromising a
subject, a predicate (property), and
an object.
These statements are called “triples”
SPARQL
SPARQL protocol and RDF Query Language
SPARQL Endpoint: “URL for a given set of RDF data
that you can send queries to and get answers from”
Dorothea Salo
Linked Data (LD)
Linked data “describes a method of publishing structured data
so that it can be interlinked and become more useful. It builds
upon standard Web technologies such as HTTP and URIs, but
rather than using them to serve web pages for human readers, it
extends them to share information in a way that can be read
automatically by computers. This enables data from different
sources to be connected and queried”
Wikipedia definition
Web of documents
vs.
Web of data
resource
links
links
to to
resource
links to
links to
resource
links
linkstoto
links to
links to
links to
resource
resource
Diagram by Emily Nimsakont
data
links to
data
data
data
links to
data
data
links to
data
data
data
links to
data
data
data
data
Diagram by Emily Nimsakont
data
data
Relationship grammar
Resource A
relatedTo
Resource B
Describe resources using interrelated “statements” (RDF triples)
Use URIs – unique globally managed identifiers as the “words” of
the statement
Slide by DCMI tutorial “What makes
the Linked Data Approach Different”
Traditional metadata = Implicit Relationships
MARC Bibliographic Record
100 10 Smart, Laura J. ǂq (Laura Jean), ǂd 1971245 00 Women in Science ǂh [electronic resource].
Linked Data is Explicit
Laura J. Smart
isCreatorOf
isTitleOf
Women in Science
Women in Science
sdsc.edu/ScienceWomen
Object – predicate - subject
Triple with URIs
Laura J. Smart
http://viaf.org/viaf/171972263
is creator of
http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator
Women in Science
http://www.sdsc.edu/ScienceWomen
Under the hood
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
<rdf:Description
rdf:about="http://www.sdsc.edu/ScienceWomen">
<dc:title>Women in Science</dc:title>
<dc:creator dc:source="http://viaf.org/viaf/171972263/"
rdfs:Literal="Laura J. Smart" />
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
It’s the data, stupid.
“We’re not dealing with records
anymore. We are working with
interrelated nodes of data”
Diane Hillmann
What does it really look like?
“This
is kind of like asking what
electricity looks like: it doesn't so
much look like anything, as it
makes certain things possible”
Karen Coyle
Thinkbase
http://thinkbase.cs.auckland.ac.nz/start.jsp
Benefits of creating/using Linked Data
•
•
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•
•
•
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Sharable
Extensible
Reusable
Multi-lingual
Reduce redundancy
Improve discoverability
Sophisticated navigation
Benefits of creating/using Linked Data
•
•
•
•
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Enhanced publications
Facilitate research
Separate semantics from syntax
Persistent URIs an aid to digital preservation
Drive users to your site
Collaborate with less licensing hassle (LOD)
All the kids are doing it
“The new bibliographic framework
project will be focused on the Web
environment, Linked Data principles
and mechanisms, and the Resource
Description Framework (RDF) as a
basic data model.”
LC Bibliographic Framework for the Digital Age
http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/news/framework-103111.html
How to?
“Learn about Resource Description Framework.
Never look back.”
Rurik Greenall, Norwegian Institute Science & Technology
Other prerequisites: HTML. URIs.
Berners-Lee Basic Linked Data Principles
1. Use URIs as names for things
2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up
those names
3. When someone looks up a URI, provide
useful information, using the standards (RDF,
SPARQL)
4. Include links to other URIs. so that they can
discover more things.
Source: Heath & Bizer http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/
The process: 1st get your data
Feynman, Richard Phillips, 1918-1988
LCCN: n 50002729
http://viaf.org/viaf/44298691
http://lccn.loc.gov/n50002729
The process: Get your data into RDF/XML
From here:
Name
LCCN
Robert B. Phillips n 00014131
Keith C. Schwab nr2002032640
To here:
Robert Phillips http://lccn.loc.gov/n00014131
Creator
http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator
Book title
http://openlibrary.org/books/OL11358296M
Physical biology of the cell
The process: Expose that data
Learning objectives
•Define the concept of linked data
•State 3 benefits of creating linked data and making it available
•Outline the process of creating LD
•State how to make use of LD created by others
Thanks!
library.caltech.edu/laura