Transcript digital-accessibility-trends_ahg2016 (pptx)

2016 Digital Accessibility Trends
Beth Crutchfield, VP of Policy and Program Services
Agenda
• Big Picture Stuff
• Laws, Regulations &
Standards
• Accessibility Technology
Big Picture Stuff
People are getting older
…every day in fact
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Global population growth is declining
Life expectancy is growing
The big opportunity for accessibility – a graying
population
– 7% of the global population is 65 and older in
2005
– 16% of the global population is 65 and older in
2050
– Tripled since 1950, will triple again by 2050
– Developed Countries
• 15% of the population in 2012
• 26% of the population by 2050
That population is increasingly digital
Pretty pictures pulled from Mary Meeker’s 2016 Internet Trends Talk
Population data from Graying of the Global Population – Stanford
Center of Longevity
Graying Population Accessibility Needs
▪Not
likely to identify as disabled
▪May
use assistive technologies if
packaged in a clever fashion
▪Need
and want to (and maybe
have to?) be productive longer
The Mobile Market
You know it’s big, but it’s REALLY
big
▪ Mobile
▪
1995 – 80M Mobile Phone Users
▪ 1%
▪
use is exploding
of population
2014 – 5.2B Mobile Phones Users
▪ 73%
of population
▪ 97
subscriptions per 100 people in the
global population
▪ Rich
countries often over 100 per 100
people
▪ Mobile
data and video traffic growing
strongly
▪ Time spent on mobile devices > time
spent on desktop for digital media
Smartphones and Access
▪ Smartphone
growth is strong, slowing
▪ 2.5B smartphone users
▪ Up 21% YoY (down 10%)
▪ Smartphone
use growing rapidly in Asia
Pacific, emerging markets
▪ Smartphone
is the default “Assistive
Technology” platform for emerging markets
▪ Smartphone are still expensive as a % of
per capita income
The Mobile Market
And what is it like for people with
disabilities?
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Desktop still primary means of access for people
with disabilities
– Opportunity
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Mobile reaching parity of use in terms of
penetration and use
iOS is dominant platform (70%) but Android
growing in use (21%)
– General market share Android (83%) and iOS
(14%)
– Opportunity
•
Data pulled from WebAIM Screen Reader User
Survey #6 http://webaim.org/projects/screenreadersurvey6/
Communication is Key
▪ Mobile
is the dominant platform for
communication
▪ Communication uses are driving
onboarding to mobile platforms
▪ Communication uses required to be
accessible under FCC requirements
in US, similar requirements globally
Laws, Regulations &
Standards
Section 508 Refresh - Timing
Timing to Final Rule
▪ NPRM
and comment period complete in 2015
▪ Good odds for published regulation in 2016
▪ U.S. Access Board staff working on preamble currently
▪ Board approves the draft regulation (September 14, 2016)
▪ Final regulation and cost analysis goes to OMB
▪ Submission Status
▪ OMB reviews and approves rule and cost analysis
▪ 90 days by executive order
▪ As long as they want by practical reality
▪ Final rule published
▪ Board saying October - call it November to make it easy
Section 508 Refresh - Application
Application After Final Rule
▪ Once
final rule published, application follows
▪ Significant rules effective 60 days after pub in Federal Register (FR)
(estimated January 2017)
▪ Complaints can be filled under 508 rules 6 mos after rules take effect
(estimated May/June 2017)
▪ Conformance may vary
▪ No central enforcement or policing
▪ Each federal department/agency must revise their procurement policies
and directives
▪ Matches 6 month complaint window;
“Effective date” 6 months after publication in FR
Americans with Disabilities Act
Enforcement Environment
▪ Public
(Title II) and private (Title III) sector orgs continues to
see active litigation under ADA, related state statutes
DoJ continues to actively pursuing web-related litigation
▪ Advocacy groups actively using litigation to
accomplish access
▪ ADA focused attorneys now actively pursuing web-related litigation
▪
▪ We
expect accelerated litigation activity in this area
▪ Tracking standards continue to be WCAG 2.0 A and AA
THIS IS A MATTER OF LITIGATION NOT REGULATION!
▪ Functional use by people with disabilities remains key issue
▪ Settlement language varies and WCAG 2.0 carve outs can drastically
impact cost
▪ Check out our ADA Lessons Learned Blog and Webinar Series for
more information on this
▪
Americans with Disabilities Act
Regulatory Environment
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Title II – RIN 1190-AA65
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Currently in SANPRM
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Please comment!
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Target standards: WCAG 2.0 AA
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Compliance Timeline: Two Years
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Lots of other items
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July 2017 NPRM date
Title III – RIN 1190-AA61
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Moved to a long term action
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No actions expected before fiscal 2018
We expect regulations in effect only in the distant future
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Title II (5+ years)
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Title III (9+ years)
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Administration risk with 2016 election
We expect legal risk management (versus regulatory conformance) will drive accessibility for
foreseeable future
Americans with Disabilities Act
Title II SANPRM
▪ DoJ
continues to view (and enforce) Title II as applying to
web sites
▪ WCAG 2.0 AA is the likely standard
“the Department believes that Level AA conformance is the most
appropriate standard.” (81 FR 28663).
▪ Rough safe harbor for site changes
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▪ Partial
compliance still required if undue burden is
relevant
▪ Mobile application coverage open for comment
▪ Economic and regulatory impact analysis clearly a
challenge
Americans with Disabilities Act
Title II SANPRM Themes
▪ What
▪
“The Department is generally considering including within the scope of its proposed rule
all Web content public entities make available to the public on their Web sites and Web
pages, regardless of whether such Web content is viewed on desktop computers,
notebook computers, smart phones, or other mobile devices.” (81 FR 28662)
▪ DoJ
▪
would be covered?
takes a dim view of alternatives for providing access
Accessible alternative means for obtaining access to services, programs, and activities
offered on Web sites, such as a staffed telephone line, would need to afford individuals
with disabilities equivalent access to such Web-based information and services (i.e., 24
hours a day/7 days a week). As indicated in the 2003 guidance, the Department questions
whether alternative means would be likely to provide an equal degree of access. As Web
sites have become more interconnected, dynamic, and content heavy, it has become
more difficult, if not impossible, for public entities to replicate by alternative means the
services, programs, and activities offered on the Web. (81 FR 28661)
Americans with Disabilities Act
Title II SANPRM Themes
• Timing?
– “The Department is considering a two-year implementation timeframe for most public
entities in an effort to balance the importance of accessibility for individuals with
disabilities with the resource challenges faced by public entities.” (81 FR 28665)
• Exceptions?
– “The Department is currently of the view that some exceptions to any Web access
standards may be warranted and should therefore be part of any Department
rulemaking. At this juncture, the Department is considering a number of categories of
Web content for potential exceptions: (1) Archived Web content; (2) certain
preexisting conventional electronic documents; (3) third-party Web content linked
from a public entity’s Web site; and (4) certain Web content posted by third parties on
a public entity’s Web site” (81 FR 28668)
Accessibility Technology
Mobile Dominance
AT Environment
▪ Desktop
Platforms
▪ Mostly
costed assistive technology - some FOSS and
some bundled AT
▪ Accessibility supported via apps / sites or AT scripting
▪ Mobile
▪ Free
platforms
assistive technology
▪ Generally installed and configured as part of core OS
▪ Accessibility must be supported directly via apps /
sites
Mobile Dominance
Platform of Choice for Access
Key Question: Are mobile access solutions
inherently more accessible than desktop
solutions?
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Accessibility and assistive technology baked into OS releases
Mobile platforms provide cheaper access to assistive technology
Mobile apps and sites tend to be simplified and streamlined UIs
App developer understanding and actual application support low but
gaining…
…but how is that really different than desktop web and application
development?
Voice Control
Going Mainstream
▪ Speaker
independent voice control really works
▪ People are really using it
In 2013 30% of people used smartphone voice assistant
▪ In 2015 65% of people used smartphone voice assistant
▪ Google Voice search queries up 35x since 2008
▪ 20% of searches on mobile phones are voice
▪
▪ Businesses
are embracing it
Alexa skills – 14 in September 2015
▪ Alexa skills – 950 in May 2015
▪
Voice Control (cont.)
Opportunity
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Voice control and audio interfaces for
many applications
– But still a fraction of what it will be
Voice enabled personal assistants are
one front end
– Siri, Google Now, Cortana
Voice enabled devices are another front
end
– Amazon Echo – a good example of
where this is going
Generally redundant app interfaces
We see this as a big opportunity
The Rise of Free
Costed vs. Free Assistive Technologies
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Increasing viability of open source and free assistive
technologies
– Of the top three used screen readers
one is open source (NVDA) and one
is free (VoiceOver®)
– NVDA and VoiceOver® showing the
strongest numbers in terms of use growth
Costed ATs still primary mode of access in
professional environments and for heavy use
– Don’t see this changing anytime soon
Internet of Things
• “Always on” smart devices controlled via IP
• Users do not expect access through primary
devices alone
– Access through secondary Bluetooth app control
– Mobile apps much, much, much easier to make
accessible than native devices
• Going forward view:
– We see secondary routes of accessible control for hardware as a norm
– Accessibility concerns aligning with broader demographic design
considerations and regulatory environment
– Likely that a central home hub will help normalize access for connected
devices
Multi-device Access Solutions
• Accessible App + Inaccessible Hardware = Access?
– Multi-device solutions are effective, easy way to address
accessibility in way that aligns with mainstream use
– Leverages access at logical points
– Practically supports functional use
– A general trend we are happy to see
– Effectively supports broader modal use requirements
• Multi-device workflows becoming commonplace
– OS X Yosemite - Handoff - full framework for crossdevice interaction
– Right device for the task
– Apple environment provides the most fertile ground for
seeing how this impacts accessibility
Multi-device Access Solutions (cont.)
• Generational pressure for this
– Gen X = One Screen
– Millennials = Two Screens
– Gen Z = Five Screens
Other Technologies to Watch
Round One
• Responsive Web Design continues as a dominant theme
– Functionality works across multiple devices
– Mobile profile often more accessible than desktop
– Test, test, test!
• Frameworks a primary coding approach
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Every framework has unique accessibility issues
Support is improving but still limited
Framework accessibility issues often very difficult to fix
Proceed with caution
Test, test, test!
Other Technologies to Watch (cont.)
Round One (cont.)
• Computer vision systems getting really good
– Microsoft Cognitive Services
– Facebook Automatic Alternative Text
– Aligns with an increasingly image centric communication paradigm
• Touch interfaces are a dominant focus going forward
– Keyboard access no longer guarantees a sufficient accessible input method
– Compelling alternatives to touch are needed
– Standardized alternatives to touch are needed
Other Technologies to Watch (cont.)
Round Two
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Gaming Access
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Accessibility of gaming systems and ACS features of games
Incremental improvements now, more with extended software waiver expiration
Next gen systems and upgrade likely to have bigger impact
Voice and multi-device access solutions
Electronic Document Access
– Significant focal point for the Section 508 regulations
– Need for materially better tools for generating accessible e-documents
– Big problem SSB is focused on
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Self-driving cars – huge impact on ability to live and commute
independently
Custom physical AT - assistive tools and prosthetics created with with 3D
printers
Thank You
Contact Us
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Beth Crutchfield
@SSBBARTGroup
VP of Policy and Program Services
[email protected]
linkedin.com/company/
SSB-BART-Group
Terri Fellers
Client Services Team Lead
[email protected]
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SSBBARTGroup
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[email protected]
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(800) 889-9659
About SSB BART Group
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Unmatched Experience
Focus on Accessibility
Solutions That Manage Risk
Real-World Strategy
Organizational Strength and
Continuity
• Dynamic, Forward-Thinking
Intelligence
• Fourteen hundred organizations
(1445)
• Fifteen hundred individual
accessibility best practices
(1595)
• Twenty-two core technology
platforms (22)
• Fifty-five thousand audits
(55,930)
• One hundred fifty million
accessibility violations
(152,351,725)
• Three hundred sixty-six thousand
human validated accessibility
violations (366,096)