Transcript ppt
Metadata ______________________________ Semantic Web Solutions: Web 2.0 and beyond Stephanie Beene, 10/14/2008 Metadata: What is it? ____________________________ several definitions, depending on the field... • " data about data" is the most generic definition. • "structured information that describes, explains, locates, or otherwise makes it easier to retrieve, use, or manage an information resource" (NISO, 2004) . • "data associated with either an information system or an information object for purposes of description, administration, legal requirements, technical functionality, use and usage, and preservation" (DCMI Glossary, 2005). • In the last decade metadata standards & guidelines skyrocketed with the proliferation of digital information. • As these standards & guidelines were created with local needs in mind, semantic silos were created. Semantic Web Solutions ________________________________ The Problem: • Since the first Dublin Core Workshop in 1995, metadata has expanded well beyond just describing documents. o become a symbol for digital information organization and management. Semantic Web goals: • Interoperability and Standardization. • We're in the third phase of metadata development: o ~2003-present: theoretical frameworks, grassroots • three phases over the past 13 years in tagging. metadata development: o Dilemmas: ever-increasing o ~1995-1998: exploring and volume of digital information; defining metadata in its Internet complexities, high cost, slow roles, how it adapts to domaincreation of metadata. specific (local) requirements. o ~~1998-2003: the Dublin Core became the international standard, domain-standards proliferate. The Semantic Web Conversation ___________________________________________ Library & Information Science "How can we describe information objects?" "We want a variety of responses to user queries" "We want to capture data about digital objects..." Computer Science "How can we build systems to respond better/more quickly to user requests?" "How can we encode data in executable format into Web architecture?" "How can metadata become machineprocessable?" Semantic Web Solutions ____________________________ Outcomes to the Conversation: • Ongoing process to unify the two paradigms of description & processability/executability. • XML/RDF-based languages: o combine semantic structures with computational syntax o provide mechanisms for expressing relationships between classes of data that is computer/machine-processable. o example: OWL ( Web Ontology Language): • Application Profiles (DCMI): o as a way to declare which elements from which namespaces are used in a particular application or project. o schemas of data elements optimized for a specific local application • Infrastructure streamlining (making all XML-compatible): • XML/RDF as the data-binding language The Metadata Jungle! http://homepages.cwi.nl/~troncy/Talks/WWW08/metadata_jungle.jpg Attempts to tame the jungle... http://instructionaldesign.com.au/Academic/TechnicalTheme1_files/swtechnologies.jpg Semantic Web Solutions ________________________________ Some Examples: • Archives Initiatives: • • OAI Metadata Harvester: http://uilib-oai.sourceforge.net/ California Digital Library OAI: http://cdlib-s10.cdlib.org/inside/projects/harvesting/ • Business Initiatives: • • SAS (formerly Statistical Analysis Software, now just SAS): http://www.sas.com/technologies/dw/connectivity/index.html?gclid=CKak5uDGuJY CFQOIFQod_kVoLg Mozenda (formerly Infosquire): http://www.infosquire.com/?gclid=CN_ilYfGuJYCFQKaFQodIBW1Kw • Library Initiatives: • • • • Dublin Core Solutions: http://dublincore.org/tools/index.shtml Siderean Software (Seamark): http://www.siderean.com/ Sirsi Dynix Enterprise Solutions: http://www.sirsidynix.com/Solutions/Products/portalsearch.php Millennium Triple I: http://www.iii.com/ questions? ____________________________ Sources ____________________________ Lei Zeng, Marcia and Jian Qin (2008). Metadata. New York: Neal-Schumann Publishers, Inc. Class readings & links you see on this presentation