Transcript ping

ECT 250: Survey of E-Commerce Technology
An introduction to FrontPage
Outline
 Internet utility programs: finger, talk, ping
 FrontPage
• Initial steps in FrontPage 2000
• Titles
• Paragraphs and headings
• Lists
• Line spacing
• Background
• Hyperlinks
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Internet utility programs
TCP/IP supports a variety of utility programs that
allow people to use the Internet more efficiently.
These utility programs include:
• Finger
• Ping
• Talk
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Finger
Finger is a program that allows a user to obtain
limited information about other network users.
The information that can be obtained includes:
• Which users are currently logged on
• Where each user logged onto the network from
• How long the user has been on the network
• When the user last logged onto the system
Finger is sometimes disabled for security reasons.
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Ping
• Ping (Packet InterNet Groper) tests the connectivity
between two Internet hosts and determines if a
host is active on the network.
• It works by sending a packet to the specified address
and waiting for a reply.
• Ping is typically used to troubleshoot connections.
• To run ping, you simply type ping followed by the
IP address or domain name of the machine you are
interested in.
Example: ping students.depaul.edu
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Talk
• Talk is a program that runs on Unix computers
and allows a user to interactively communicate
with another user on the network.
• To use it you type talk followed by the string
username@host where username is the person
you wish to talk to and the host is the machine
where they are logged on.
Example: talk [email protected]
• It is similar to instant messaging programs such
as AOL instant messaging, Yahoo! pager, etc.
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What is FrontPage?
• FrontPage is a graphics-based HTML editor.
• It is a WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get)
editor, which means that it renders HTML as a
browser would.
• You do not have to know any HTML to use the
program.
• We will only discuss FrontPage 2000. It should be
available in all DePaul labs.
• The menus and toolbars in FrontPage are similar
to other Microsoft programs.
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The easiest start
The easiest way to start creating Web pages is
to make one new page.
This is done by:
• Selecting File/New/Page
• Modifying the page as needed
Example: Open a blank page.
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An alternative
If your version requires you to open a new site
in order to create a page you must:
• Click on the down arrow next to the New toolbar button and select Web.
• Select the One Page Web template.
• Type an appropriate location for the site.
(If you are in the labs, you should either save
it to a disk or copy it over once you are done
editing).
• Click OK
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The newly created Web
The new site will consist of some folders and a
blank home page. It should now be displayed in
the FrontPage window.
(Note: If you first get a message asking if you want
to create the folder or convert the folder to a web,
select Yes and then the site should be created).
If the Page view is selected, double-clicking on the
home page filename (either index.htm or default.htm)
will display the blank page in the right window.
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Views of a Web site
• Page view: Displays the content of a Web page
so that it can be created, edited, and formatted.
• Folders view: Lists all files and folders within
the site.
• Reports view: Used to display information about
slow pages, unused files, broken hyperlinks, etc.
• Navigation view: Allows you to create a structure
resembling a flowchart that represents your site.
• Hyperlinks view
• Tasks view
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Our first Web page
 We will now create a Web page that contains the
following items:
• Title
• Heading
• A list of names
• A background color
• Hyperlinks
 Our theme will be the theory faculty at CTI.
 In creating the page we will also learn about
paragraph and page formatting.
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Opening paragraph and heading
We will start off the page by placing a paragraph of
text describing the purpose of the page. Above the
paragraph we will place a descriptive heading for it.
Example:
Theoretical Computer Science Group
Welcome to the home page of the Theory Group in the School of
Computer Science, Telecommunications, and Information Systems
at DePaul University.
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Web page titles
Titles for Web pages typically appear at the top
of the browser.
Example: http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/asettle/
These titles are useful because:
• It helps identify the page in a search engine.
• It is given on a bookmark list.
Be sure to give each page a title and make it as
descriptive as possible.
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Saving the newly created file
Next we want to save the file and add a title to it.
1. Click Save As in the File menu
2. Type of the name of the title and page
3. Click OK
You will be required for Assignment 3 to make the
name of your first page main.htm or main.html.
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Paragraph formatting
Paragraph formatting is applied to all the text in the
paragraph where the insertion point is located.
The most common types of paragraph formatting:
1. Headings
2. Alignment and indention
3. Line spacing
To change paragraph formatting, move the insertion
point inside the paragraph to be changed and then
select the desired format.
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Making a heading
Headings identify the beginning of page sections
and are usually displayed in bold type with extra
space around the heading.
There are six possible headings, numbered from 1
to 6. The smaller the heading number, the larger
the text will be displayed.
Example: Change the headings on the new page.
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Alignment
Paragraph alignment can be used to align a
paragraph with the left or right margin or to
center the paragraph between the two margins.
To change the alignment of the current paragraph,
select the appropriate alignment icon.
Example: Change the heading to Center.
FrontPage also gives you to option to justify the
paragraph, that is, cause the text to be even with
both the right and left margins.
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Indentation
• To indent the current paragraph, click on either
the right or left indent button on the toolbar.
• You can click the Indent toolbar button many
times to indent a paragraph further. It is
indented approximately half an inch each time
the button is clicked.
• In FrontPage 2000 more precise indentation is
available on the Paragraph dialog box. This
box can be reached by selecting Paragraph
from the Format menu.
• Indentation is measured in points (72 points = 1”)
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Lists
Lists are common on Web pages because they
organize information in an efficient, easy-to-read
manner.
The two most common types of lists are bulleted
lists and numbered lists.
You can change the bullets and numbering styles
used in the lists by selecting Bullets and
Numbering from the Format menu and choosing
the desired style.
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Creating a list
To create a list:
• Click the appropriate toolbar button for the type
(bulleted or numbered) of list
• The first number or bullet will be displayed. It
will be indented by one line. Type the first
item and press Enter.
• Continue typing each list item, pressing Enter
after each one. A new number or bullet will
be displayed indented at the same location.
• To end the list, press Enter an additional time.
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Nested lists
You can also create a nested list using the following:
• Type the first list until you reach the point where
the nested list should begin.
• Press the Increase Indent button twice to indent the
list and display the appropriate number or bullet.
Then type the nested list.
• To return to the level of the first list, press the
Decrease Indent button two times.
Example: Add faculty names and research areas.
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Line spacing
• Line spacing can be specified in the paragraph
dialog box. (Recall that the paragraph dialog
box can be found under Format in the main
toolbar).
• It can be set to one of Single, 1.5 lines, or Double.
• The paragraph dialog box can also be used to
change the spacing before or after paragraphs.
To do this, type the desired spacing amount in
points.
• Important note: These spacing options may not be
supported by all browsers.
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Background and text color
• Page properties such as background color and text
color are changed using the Page Properties box.
• The Page Properties box can be reached by right
clicking anywhere on the page.
• The Background tab of the dialog box can be used
to specify the desired colors for the background,
text, and text-based hyperlinks of the current page.
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Changing the background color
To change the background or text color:
• Click on the down arrow next to the appropriate
box and select the desired color from the color
palette displayed.
• If the desired color is not listed, click More Colors
to display the More Colors dialog box. On that
box click the desired color or choose to use a
custom color.
• Custom colors are done by specifying an RGB
value. An RGB value is a set of three numbers
(from 0 to 255) specifying each color’s intensity.
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Warning about colors
• Be careful when choosing background and text
colors that the combination is readable.
• With a dark background, use light text colors,
and with a light background, use dark text
colors.
• Always specify a text color if you change the
background color or use a background image,
since the default for text may be a color that
does not display well with your background.
• Example: Change the background and text color
on the Theory Group page.
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Hyperlinks
 Virtually all Web pages contain hyperlinks.
 Hyperlinks can be connected to either text or
an image on a Web page.
 There are four types of hyperlinks:
1. Links to external pages
2. E-mail address links
3. Links to internal pages
4. Links to bookmarks within the current
document
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Links to external pages
To add a hyperlink to an external Web page:
• Select the text to be linked and click the link
toolbar button. (You can also choose Insert
and then select hyperlink). This will bring
up the Create Hyperlink dialog box.
• Type in the appropriate URL in the box and
click OK.
Example: Add a hyperlink connecting my name
with my home page.
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E-mail hyperlinks
To add an e-mail hyperlink:
• Select the text to be linked and click on the link
toolbar button to display the Create Hyperlink
dialog box.
• Click the mail icon to open the Create E-mail
Hyperlink dialog box. Type the appropriate
e-mail address and click OK.
• Click OK to finish creating the link.
Example: Add an e-mail link next to my name.
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Editing hyperlinks
Existing hyperlinks can be modified or unlinked
as follows:
• To edit what a text-based hyperlink is linked to,
click the link toolbar button to display the
Edit Hyperlink dialog box, then select or type
the appropriate URL or e-mail address and
click OK.
• To unlink a hyperlink, move the insertion point
inside the hyperlink, click the link toolbar
button to display the Edit Hyperlink dialog
box, and then delete the contents of the URL.
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Links to internal pages
To specify an internal link you must:
1. Select the text to be linked and click the
hyperlink toolbar button to display the
Create Hyperlink dialog box.
2. Browse the open pages or enter the path
to the internal page.
3. Click OK.
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Relative paths
The relative path of a page is obtained by:
• Using the name of the file if it is in the same folder
as the Web page in which the link is created.
• Using ../ whenever you must move up a level in the
hierarchy of directories to reach the file.
• Using the name of a directory to move down the
hierarchy of folders.
When you publish the pages the files must have the
same relative structure or your path will be incorrect.
We will discuss that issue later.
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Upcoming topics
 More about FrontPage
• Bookmarks
• Using and formatting images
• Adding tables for information or formatting
 Publishing our pages on students.depaul.edu
• FTP
• Telnet
• Unix
 Searching the Web
 Survey of markup languages
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