Transcript Chap 9 Internet Tools

Chap 9 Internet Tools
• Web Browser
– How a web browser works
– Types of browser
• Using Internet Explorer
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Getting around IE
Navigating the Web
Internet Options
E-Mail software
Windows FTP and Telnet
Searching the Internet
The Web
When you use a web browser
to access a page on the web, you are actually asking a remote
server to send you a file.
This is done by issuing a command via the browser to “get” a
specific file, as in:
This is the file name “ms.htm”
http://www.microsoft.com/ms.htm
This is address is actually called the URL, or Uniform
Resource Locator. It is the location of a file on a Microsoft
server.
Web Browsers
Web Browsers
Web browsers were already defined…but to reinforce this:
A web browser is a program that locates a web page by using
an URL and displays it. The browser reads and translates
HTML formatted files. Modern web browsers are bundled with
many other capabilities including FTP, e-mail and
newsreading. The 3 most popular web browsers are:
• Microsoft Internet Explorer
• Netscape Navigator
• Opera
Anatomy of a Web Browser…
Toolbar and Menu…including back, forward, home and reload commands
Main Window – the HTML page is displayed here…
Address box- the current URL is also displayed here…
Address box- enter the URL here…
How a Web Browser
works
After entering an URL (pronounced
“earl”) and sending the “get” command, the web browser
searches for and downloads the page and all the attached
graphics and other files. It then translates the HTML code to
the web page you see.
This is shown on the next two slides:
• The first shows the HTML (and javascript) code that the browser reads.
• The second shows the web page as it is translated for viewing…note the
URL in the upper left… http://www.microsoft.com/ms.htm
Your browser “sees” this…
You “see” this…
The URL
Types of Browsers
There are many different types of web Browser. The most popular are:
Microsoft Internet Explorer :
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Supported Operating Systems:
Disk space required : 70 MB
Windows 95/98/ME/NT/NT4/2000/XP
Netscape
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Supported Operating Systems:
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Disk space required : 26 MB
Windows 95/98/ME/NT/NT4/2000/XP,
MAC OS, Red Hat Linux
Opera
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Supported Operating Systems:
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Disk space required : 12 MB
Windows 95/98/ME/NT/NT4/2000/XP,
BeOS, Linux, Mac OS, OS/2, Symbian OS
Lynx
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Text only Web browser
Programming code is freely available to anyone
Using Internet Explorer
Internet Explorer (IE) is Microsoft’s web browser it comes with Windows
XP, and many of the previous versions of Windows…the About window
below is a link to the IE 6 homepage, it can be downloaded for free from
there…
Note that the next slides
will demonstrate IE
using version 6. This
version was released at
the end of August 2001.
Internet Explorer is installed by
default on Windows XP and can
be accessed by clicking on the IE
desktop icon or the menu entry on
the Programs sub-menu
Menu and Toolbars
The current web address or URL
Site search tool
Hyperlinks, many of
the graphics on web
pages are links, too
Site navigation menus
Using Internet Explorer
To change the buttons displayed on
Internet Explorer toolbar:
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Right-click the tool bar and then
click Customize: You can
Add or Remove command buttons
Select where, or whether or not to
display text
Select to display Large or Small
icons
Navigating the Web
Opening a Web page, a folder, a file or an FTP site and moving through the
Web site or the file folders can be accomplished in several ways.
To open a Web page, a folder, or to run a program using the Address bar:
• To open a Web page, type the address (URL), such as, www.microsoft.com
in the Address bar, and then click the Go button.
• To run a program from the Address bar, type the program name, and then
click the Go button. If this does not work you may need to type the
complete path and file name; for example:
C:\MSOffice\Winword\Winword.exe
• To open or browse through folders from the Address bar, type the drive and
folder name, such as C:\ or C:\My Documents and then click the Go
button.
Navigating the Web
• The AutoComplete feature provides a
dropdown list of suggestions created from
previous entries you have made in the
Address bar as you type. AutoComplete’s
list of suggestions comes from Internet
Explorer’s History,
To modify the AutoComplete
settings:
• From the Tools menu,
click Internet Options
• Then click the Content
tab.
• In the Personal
information section,
click AutoComplete
• Select the items you
want AutoComplete to
save and display
Using Internet Explorer
Now for a few more tips, and then you can try out IE on your
own…the only way to learn to use this complex software is by
working with it.
To copy images from a website…this isn’t stealing…I don’t
think?
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4.
Right click on the image you want to copy
Select Save Picture As…from the pop-up menu
Select a destination and a filename…It is best NOT to change
the file extension, as it is based on the file type and changing
it could make it hard to open…or find for that matter!
Click the Save button and you are done.
…right-clicking on an image
displays a pop-up menu from which
you accomplish several tasks...
…select Save Target As…to save the
“linked” object, such as a file or
another webpage.
…select Save Picture As…to save
an image.
…select Copy…to place a copy of the
image in the clipboard that can then be
pasted into another document.
…some web sites,
however, aren’t happy to
share their components.
Right clicking on the
image offers you no
possibility to save the
picture, especially in case
of Macromedia
applications
Using Internet Explorer
…right-clicking on an URL in the
Address box, displays a pop-up
menu that offers the options to Cut,
Copy, Paste or Delete the entry...
…this would be a way to copy an
URL to use in a paper or some other
academic endeavor like homework...
Back, Forward, Stop and Refresh
Move back to the Home page
as set in the Internet Options
Search using the default
search page, MSN…
Display the Favorites list
Go Back a
page…
Go Forward
a page…
Refresh or Reload – downloads the
current web page to get the most recent
files …some pages need to be manually
updated occasionally..this will do it!
Stops the current activity, such as
a page or file download.
…the View menu provides ways quickly to
change the look of IE by adding or
removing features such as the Status bar
and the Toolbars. It also gives access to the
View Source command which displays the
source code of the currently displayed
page.
…the Favorites menu presents a
listing of what some call bookmarks.
Microsoft calls them favorites and
places them under this menu item.
The Organize command allows you
to create new folders and move and
delete the entries as you wish.
…the Tools menu accesses the Internet Options…
window. It also opens an e-mail reader when you
select Mail and News, then Read Mail.
Internet Explorer Keyboard Shortcut
Key Sequence
Action
CTRL + O or CTRL + L
Open a web page, file or folder
F1
Display Internet Explorer Help
F5 or CTRL + R
Refresh
F11
Toggle between full-screen and regular view
ESCAPE
Stop
Alt + Left arrow or BACKSPACE
Back
Alt + Right arrow
Forward
Alt + Home
Open the Home page
TAB
Move forward through items on a Web page
HOME
Move to the beginning of a Web page or document
END
Move to the end of a web page or document
ENTER
Open or activate a link
Shift + TAB
Move back through the items on a Web page
CTRL + N
Open a new browser window
CTRL + D
Move the cursor to the Address bar
CTRL + W
Close the currently active window
CTRL + S
Save the current page or document
CTRL + P
Print the current page, page frame or document
CTRL + F
Find (on the current page)
CTRL + E
Open the Search bar
CTRL + I
Open the Favorites bar
CTRL + H
Open the History bar
You can modify the settings that Internet Explorer uses to provide a more
custom browsing experience by accessing the Internet Options through the
Tools menu
General: includes
History, Temporary
Internet file and
Home page setting
Security: Internet
Explorer’s Security
Zone settings
Privacy: Cookie
handling and Web site
Platform for Privacy
Preferences
interface configuration
Content: Controlling
the content that
can be viewed by IE
Advanced: more
Advanced functions
Programs: Select
Programs such as
e-mail and HTML
editing
Connections: Options
For creating and
managing your
connection to the
Internet
Home Page
• The Home page Setting on the General tab simply sets the web page that
will be displayed when you launch Internet Explorer. This is also the page
you return when you click the Home button on the Toolbar.
To change the current Home page setting:
• Enter a new address or file path in the “Address” text box
Or,
• Press the Use Current button to set the currently displayed page as the
Home page
Or,
• Press the Use Default button to set the page that was the original Home
page when IE was first installed
Temporary Internet Files
The temporary Internet Files folder is where Web pages and their associated
file are stores when they are downloaded before being displayed in your
browser.
To delete the currently stored temporary Internet filed
• From the Tools menu, select Internet Options
• From the General tab, click the Delete files button
• This will present you with a confirmation dialog box, click OK to delete
the files
To view the file currently saved in the Temporary Internet file folder:
• From the Tool menu, select Internet Options
• From the General tab, click the Settings button
• From the Settings dialog box, click the View Files button.
History
Internet Explorer’s History provides a record of what Web pages or file you
have opened.
To view the web pages you have recently opened or visited:
• From the Toolbar, click the History button.
• The History bar will be displayed at the left of the window
• From the History bar, select a timeframe
• Then click a shortcut to open the Web site folder, then click on a page’s
shortcut to display individual pages.
Security
The security features of Internet Explorer help to protect your computer
from being accessed by scripts or applications run from Internet sources in
ways that are not acceptable to you.
To add a Web site to a security zone:
• From the Tools menu, click Internet Options.
• Click the Security tab, and then click one of the security zone icons at the
top to select that zone.
• Click Sites.
• From the Add this Web site to the zone text box, enter the Internet address
(URL) for the Web site that you want to add to this zone.
• Click the Add button
Privacy
• The privacy and
security are major
concerns of computer
users. While Internet
explorer addresses
some of these
concerns, many more
still remain
unresolved.
Connections
The Connections tab provides the ability to add, remove or modify any or
all of your connections to the Internet.
To change the settings of a connection that is currently held:
• From the Tools menu, click Internet Options.
• Select the Connections tab.
• Select a connections in the Dial-up and Virtual Private Network settings
list box
• Click the Settings button to access the settings for the selected connection.
…the Connections tab is where you
setup or reconfigure your Internet
connection settings. You can have
multiple connections listed here.
…the LAN Settings button not only
configures network connections, but
also cable modem and other high
speed connections.
Programs
You can select which programs
Internet Explorer uses to open, edit or
view files, or which program handles
specific functions not directly
supported by IE. The selectable
programs are HTML editor, E-mail,
Newsgroups, Internet Call, Calendar,
Contact List.
To modify any of the default program
settings:
• From the Tools menu, click Internet
Options.
• Select the Programs tab.
• To change a specific program setting,
click the down arrow at the right of
that setting’s text box.
• From the list select, the program you
wish to use in the future.
• Click OK
Electronic Mail…or
E-mail
E-mail refers to the transmission of messages over a computer
network. Although these messages were text only messages
during the infancy of the Internet, they now can be sent in
HTML with audio, video or other multimedia presentations
attached. Some systems remain text-only mail systems, but
the move is to multimedia messaging.
E-mail is sent and received using specific e-mail protocols and
software. Although most all browsers include e-mail
capabilities many people still rely on single purpose mail
programs, like Pine, Eudora and Pegasus.
Electronic Mail…or
E-mail
To use e-mail you need to have an account on an e-mail server.
This is usually done through your Internet Service Provider
(ISP).
A Webmail account can be had and accessed without having
an account with an ISP. They are e-mail accounts that can
accessed from any computer that can access the web. Hotmail
or Yahoo!mail are two examples of Webmail.
Now a word about Spam, its not the “pork product”…its ejunk mail.
E-mail Basics…Microsoft Outlook 2002
The E-mail Inbox of Outlook 2002 lists the received mail along
with the Sender’s name, Subject and the date of receipt
Folder list…
The E-mail body
A hyperlink…
E-mail Basics…Pine, on SacLink
This is Pine running on SacLink…it is a text based e-mail program. The
window is actually QVT Term, a program that allows a Windows computer
to connect to different systems, like Unix or mainframe computers.
The mail header
The E-mail body
You navigate by selecting options from here…like “m” for the Main menu.
Web Mail
• A web mail
account is
available
everywhere
• Limits comes
from a short
amount of space
in the mail box
and the high
quantity of spam
that comes in.
Searching the Internet, the use of
Search Engines
A search engine is a program that presents the results of a
search based on the criteria entered and the methodology of
the program. Each search engine uses different ways to locate
the results of your request. This means that not only are the
programs written differently, but they also search different
databases.
That’s right, these engines do not actually search the entire
Internet each time you enter a new search criteria, but instead
they look through their own (or another company’s) preindexed database of web pages and links.
There are many search engines available on the Internet, for
example…
Some of the many Search Engines
Search Engines
To use a search engine you need to enter a query. A query or
a search criterion is a way of describing the web page or
information that you want to find. For example, if you want
information on “big red rabbits”, you might enter big red
rabbits into the query text box on the engine’s page.
The queries can be quite long and can use numerous
“operators” to show the relationship of the words you enter
to each other. Or, they can be as simple as one word, for
example…
…if you want information on MIS 1abc you would do as
shown on the next slide…
Search Engines
The Google search engine URL
Advanced search options
The search criteria or query…we want to find web pages that are related to MIS 1abc
Search Engines
The Google search engine URL now includes the “query string”
The original query…
These are the related pages
found by the Google search
engine. There are more, scroll
down to see the entire results.
Search Engines
The next four slides show some intermediate to advanced query string
methods. They are useful when you need to narrow your search. Many
times a search will “return” thousands of results, making it impossible to
look at them all. Using the techniques on the following slides you can
reduce this number and get accurate results. Like most programs there
usually is an online help or “tips” link.
Search engine help, or tips link…
The number of links found as a result of the query…187,000
Search Engine Query Operators
These operators are supported by most all search engines…
Operator
Example
Results
AND
gardening AND
vegetables
Pages that include both gardening and
vegetables. By default, most engines return
results that include all of your search terms.
Therefore, it is not generally necessary to
include "and" between terms.
OR
whales OR cetaceans
Pages that include either of the words, whales
OR those containing cetaceans OR those
containing both whales and cetaceans.
NOT
science NOT fiction
Pages that include science but NOT fiction.
""
"1996 World Series
Champions"
Pages containing the phrase "1996 World
Series Champions".
+
+San +Francisco
+restaurants
Pages that contain all of the words. Note that
this is not the same as "San +Francisco
+restaurants"
-
+bill +clinton -monica lewinsky
Pages that contain the words bill and clinton,
but not containing either monica or lewinsky.
More Query Operators
These operators Not supported by all search engines…
Operator
Example
Results
()
Homer NOT (Simpson
OR Alaska)
Pages containing Homer but NOT Homer
Simpson or Homer, Alaska. Parentheses
simplify the creation of complex queries.
*
chemi*
Pages containing words that begin with 'chemi'
(e.g. chemical, chemistry, chemist). The *
(asterisk) can be used to replace multiple
characters.
%
Gene%logy
Pages that contain words beginning with 'gene'
and ending with 'logy', separated by a single
letter (e.g. genealogy and genealogy). Useful
for commonly misspelled words.
_
run_way
The underscore sometimes works as the %
sign as noted above. The resulting pages
would contain both "runway" and "runaway".
**
Fly**
Pages containing fly, flew, flown, and flying,
and so on. Use a double asterisk (**) to look
for all forms of a word.
Using Non-English or Special Characters…
Character
Windows Shortcut keys
é
Alt-0233
Ç
Alt-0199
æ
Alt-0230
Ñ
Alt-0209
®
Alt+0174
Ø
Alt+0216
¿
Alt+0191
Special non-English characters can be, and should be, inserted into all queries
when possible. These characters can be substituted with wildcard characters,
such as *, % and _, but the accuracy of the results may be greatly diminished.
Windows users can access these characters by using the “Character Map” or
using the system's shortcut keys.
Using the Character Map…
Select a
character in the
upper window.
The current font
is displayed
here.
The shortcut
keystrokes are
shown here.
The Windows Character Map tool can be used to find the key strokes needed
to enter to display foreign or “special” characters. It is usually found on the:
Accessories > System Tools Program menu.