Transcript Health Cocaine Lesson

Cocaine
By: Nick DiPierro
Name of Drug
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Street Names: Coke, dust, snow, lines, charlie,
blow, etc…
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Brand Name: Cocaine Hydrochloride (topical
solution)
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Chemical Name: benzoylmethyl ecgonine (benzoy-al-meth-yl ek-o-neen) C H NO
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21
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How does it work?
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Under normal circumstances, the amount of dopamine at a
synapse is controlled in part by the reuptake of dopamine by
the transmitting neuron. Cocaine blocks the removal of
dopamine from a synapse; the resulting build-up of dopamine
causes continuous stimulation of the receiving neurons.
(euphoric effects)
History
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1500’s: Cocaine was used during religious
ceremonies in Peru. They would chew the leaves
of the coca plant during religious ceremonies to
produce a stimulant effect that includes
hallucinations both auditory and visual.
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1859: German Chemist Albert Niemann first
extracted the cocaine, the actual drug, from the
coca leaves.
History
•
1884: Sigmund Freud, used the drug himself and realized the
ability for cocaine to “cure depression and sexual impotence.”
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1880’s: John Pemberton (maker of coca-cola) used the coca
leaves as an ingredient in his cola drink.
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1900’s: The U.S. Government reported as many as 5,000
cocaine related deaths each year.
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1903: The drug was removed from the recipe in coca-cola.
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1922: Cocaine was no longer legal.
Medical use
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Cocaine acts as a local anesthetic by blocking
conduction of nerve impulses. Topical
preparations of cocaine hydrochloride are applied
to the lining of the mouth, nose and throat prior to
certain surgical procedures as a local anesthetic
to numb the area.
Schedule Rating
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Schedule II Drug: defined as drugs with a high
potential for abuse, with use potentially leading to
severe psychological or physical dependence.
Physiological Effects
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Cocaine is responsible for more U.S. emergency
room visits than any other illegal drug. Cocaine
harms the brain, heart, blood vessels, and lungs.
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Heart: Cocaine increases heart rate and blood
pressure while constricting the arteries supplying
blood to the heart. This causes heart attacks and
heart disease.
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Brain: Cocaine constricts bood vessels in the brain,
causing strokes.
Physiological Effect
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Lungs: Snorting cocaine damages the sinuses and
smoking crack cocaine causes permanent lung
damage.
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GI Tract: Cocaine can cause ulcers, or perforations of
the stomach or intestines.
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Kidneys: Cocaine can cause sudden overwhelming
kidney failure.
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Sexual Function: Chronic cocaine use can cause
delayed or impaired ejaculation.
Psychological Effects
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Depression, anxiety, fatigue, difficulty breathing,
inability to feel pressure, and increased craving for
cocaine.
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Physical symptoms: aches, pains, tremors and Chills.
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The effects of cocaine are intense but short lived.The
immediate effects wear off in about 30 min. to 2
hours. Smoking or injecting cocaine results in a faster
and shorter high, compared to snorting coke.
Reference Page
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"Cocaine Use and Its Effects." WebMD. WebMD. Web. 27 Oct. 2015.
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"DEA / Drug Scheduling." DEA / Drug Scheduling. Web. 27 Oct. 2015.
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"Detox.com." History of Cocaine. Web. 27 Oct. 2015.
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Helmenstein, Anne Marie. "Cocaine - Benzoylmethylecgonine." About.com Education. Web.
27 Oct. 2015.
•
Insel, Paul M., and Walton T. Roth. "Substance Use Disorders: Making Responsible
Decisions." Connect Core Concepts In Health. 14th ed. McGrawHill. 224-230. Print.
•
Omudhome, Ogbru. "Cocaine Hydrochloride: Uses, Side Effects, Dosing." MedicineNet. 27
Oct. 2015. Web. 27 Oct. 2015.