Transcript Plagiarism & Referencing

Plagiarism
What is Plagiarism?
" Most simply, plagiarism is intellectual theft.
Any use of another author’s research, ideas,
or language without proper attribution may
be considered plagiarism."
http://www.zoology.ubc.ca/bpg/Advising/Plagiarism.htm
Myth
• “copying” or “borrowing”
• Seriousness of offence disguised
Meaning
• To steal and pass off (ideas/words of another)
as one’s own
• To use (another’s production) without
crediting the source
• To commit literary theft
• To present as new and original (an idea or
product) from an existing source.
Truth
• Act of fraud involves:
– Stealing someone else’s work
– Lying about it afterward
Can WORDS and IDEAS be stolen?
• YES
• The expression of original ideas = intellectual
property
• Often protected by copyright laws (like
inventions)
• Almost all forms of expression fall under
copyright protection if recorded in some
media
Various forms of Plagiarism
Blatant theft?
• submit an assignment done by another as
your own.
• pay another to write an assignment for you
and hand it in as your own work.
• copy and paste sections from someone else's
work and add it to your work without
acknowledging the source
Various forms of Plagiarism
Accidental “borrowing”?
Scenario:
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–
done a lot or reading & made notes
later find good idea between your notes
can't remember was it your idea or someone else's.
If submitted as your own work and it turns out that it was
not your idea,
– you have committed plagiarism.
Avoiding Plagiarism
• Changing the words of an original source is
NOT sufficient to prevent plagiarism
• Citing sources
– acknowledge certain material has been borrowed
– Provide audience with the information necessary
to find that source
Citation is important - when using someone
else's work
Referencing
• Any report should make use of other texts
• References are used for mainly two reasons:
– to indicate the source of the material or
– to point to further information to be consulted by the
reader
• The APA Style (American Psychological Association)
APA Style Guides and Quick Reference Examples
http://tutor. MGerber/Research_Methodology.html
In-Text References
(Citation)
• The reader must be able to locate specific
sources in alphabetical Reference list
• The author(s), date and page(s) are given
1. Reference is made to other text:
• See The Publication Manual (pp. 168-169) for details
2. Quotation with an introductory phrase:
• Larry Bone (1981, p.3) argued that “Qualities of leadership can and should
be developed by as many as possible”.
3. Quotation without an introductory phrase:
• “Qualities of leadership can and should be developed by as many as
possible” (Bone, 1981, p.3).
4. Paraphrase without an introductory phrase:
• Although some managers are leaders and some leaders are manager …
Reference List
(Bibliography)
• REFERENCE LIST = Always alphabetical order
• Books:
– Book by a single author:
– Beaton, N. (1983). Labouring locally: Factors affecting the advancement
of lower graded workers. London : Lexicon.
– Book by two authors:
– Beaton, N. & Johnson, J.C. (1983). Labouring locally: Factors affecting the
advancement of lower graded workers. (2nd ed.) London : Lexicon.
– (Always cite both authors every time the reference is used. E.g.: (Beaton
& Johnson, (1983) )
– Book by three to five authors:
– Beaton, N., Donalds, K.L. & Johnson, J.C. (1983). Labouring locally: Factors
affecting the advancement of lower graded workers. (2nd ed.) London :
Lexicon.
– (Always cite all authors the first time the reference is used, the next time
use first author followed by et al. E.g.: (Beaton, et al., 1994)).
Reference List
– Periodical (Journal) Articles:
– Carey, G., & DiLalla, D.L. (1994). Personality & Psychopathology:
Generic perspectives. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103 (1), 31 –
43.
– Web site:
– Willet, P. (2003, April 24). Victorian women writers project. Retrieved
July 21, 2003, from http://www.indianna.edu/-letrs-vwwp/
GENERAL FORMAT
- BOOKS Name(s) of author(s), editor(s), compiler(s) or institution
Year of publication
Title (italics)
Edition
Place of publication
Publisher
Author, A.A. (Year). Title of work. Location: Publisher
GENERAL FORMAT
- PERIODICAL/JOURNAL ARTICLESName(s) of author(s) of the article
Year of publication
Title of article
Title of journal and volume number (italics)
Issue or part number
Page number(s)
Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. (Year). Title of the
article. Title of Periodical, xx(xx),xxx-xxx.
Volume number (issue), page numbers
GENERAL FORMAT
- INTERNET / ONLINE SOURCES Name(s) of author(s)
Date/year of publication
Title of publication
Format of item
Date item retrieved
Name or site address on the Internet
• Web page:
Author, A.A. (Year). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year,
from URL of web page
• Online Periodical:
Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. (Year). Title of article.
Title of Periodical, volume number, pages Retrieved month day,
year, from URL of web page