Transcript Jeopardy - University of Nebraska–Lincoln

Scott Jorgenson
ASTR 103H
Constellations
Greek Astronomers
Coordinate Systems
The Moon
The Sun
Pot Pourri
Constellations
Greek
Astronomers
Coordinate
Systems
The Moon
The Sun
Pot Pourri
100 100 100 100 100 100
200 200 200 200 200 200
300 300 300 300 300 300
400 400 400 400 400 400
500 500 500 500 500 500
7/21/2015
8
Double Jeopardy!
More Astronomers
Stellar Evolution
Milky Way
Cosmology
Solar System
Compact Objects
More
Astronomers
Stellar
Evolution
Milky Way
Cosmology
Solar System
Compact
Objects
200 200 200 200 200 200
400 400 400 400 400 400
600 600 600 600 600 600
800 800 800 800 800 800
1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
7/21/2015
16
Final Jeopardy!
Star Names
Most bright stars have names
of this origin (i.e. Betelgeuse)
Arabic
Daily Double!
Daily Double!
Daily Double!
These civilizations gave us the 48
constellations of the Northern
Hemisphere that we know today.
Each and every star is located
in this many constellations.
The constellations of the Northern
Hemisphere get their names from
these.
The constellations of the Southern
Hemisphere were added in this
century.
There are this many official
constellations in the night sky.
This Greek astronomer was called the
ultimate authority on nature by St.
Thomas Aquinas.
This astronomer came up with a method
that allowed people to predict the
positions of planets by using epicycles.
He was the first person to measure
the circumference of the Earth.
This astronomer attempted to measure
the relative distances from the Earth to
the Moon and from the Earth to the Sun.
This Greek astronomer gave us the magnitude system,
with magnitude 1 stars being the brightest objects in
the sky and magnitude 6 being the faintest.
This is the name for a star’s
highest point in the sky.
This coordinate is used for specifying the
east-west position of an object on the
Celestial Sphere and is measured in hours.
This coordinate tells you an object’s north-south
location on the Celestial Sphere and is measured from 90 degrees at the South Pole to +90 degrees at the
North Pole.
This is the location on the Celestial Sphere that
the Sun appears to pass through and extends
from -23.5 degrees to +23.5 degrees
This coordinate gives an object’s east-west location on
the Celestial Sphere and ranges from 0-360 degrees
(with 0 degrees being the north point and increasing
clockwise)
The Moon is doing this when it is
becoming more and more illuminated
until it becomes a Full Moon.
This type of an eclipse can occur when
the Moon passes between the Earth
and the Sun
This is the region where a total shadow
is present and a total eclipse occurs.
The Moon is about this many Earth
diameters away from the Earth.
This period of the Moon has a
length of 29.5 days.
This is the distance from the
Earth to the Sun.
Stellar fusion occurs in this
part of the Sun.
The Sun is this type of star.
This is the name of the visible
surface of the Sun.
This is the name of the process by
which four hydrogen atoms combine to
form one helium atom.
This type of magnitude measures
an objects actual brightness
This technique is used to measure the radial component
of velocity by measuring the values of spectral lines
(can be red-shifted or blue-shifted).
Of the four fundamental forces,
this one is the weakest.
These devices are used in telescopes
and replaced the use of photographs to
capture images of stellar objects.
Transitions where visible light photons are emitted
when an electron jumps down from a higher level to
the second level are known as these.
His De revolutionibus orbium coelestium began the “99
Years of Astronomy” with its publication in 1543 and
put forth the idea of a heliocentric solar system.
He was known not only for his gold nose, but also for
his incredibly accurate measurements recorded over a
30 year period before the use of telescopes.
His Three Laws of Planetary Motion
deal with the elliptical orbits of the
planets.
He was deemed a heretic by the
Catholic Church for his support of the
heliocentric model of the solar system.
He is considered by many to have been the greatest
scientist ever, and his Three Laws of Motion are still
considered to be correct to this day.
Stars of this classification (0.08-0.4 solar masses)
are fully convective and thought to be the most
common type of star in the universe.
With masses below 0.08 solar masses,
this type of star will never reach the
Main Sequence.
This spectral type corresponds to
the hottest and brightest stars.
This type of explosion occurs when a
star collapses upon its iron core and
the star’s nucleus self-destructs.
This law states that “whenever a new energy
source is found in the core, the star will move
back towards the main sequence”.
The Milky Way is this type of
galaxy.
There are about this many
stars in the Milky Way.
Our solar system is this far
away from the Sun (in kpc).
He was able to use the distribution of
globular clusters to determine the location
of the center of the Milky Way.
These types of stars have low metal
contents and are mainly found in the
halo of the Milky Way.
The universe is about this old.
The universe is made up of about this
much matter, dark and known
(percent).
This is the idea that on large scales the
universe looks the same no matter
which direction you look.
This is the idea that on large scales objects in the
universe are pretty much the same everywhere and
that there are no unique vantage points in the universe.
This is the farthest thing that
can be seen in the universe.
These planets are characterized by
having high densities, small diameters,
no rings, and few moons.
These planets are characterized by
having high masses, large diameters,
rings, and many moons.
This is the large region surrounding our
solar system where the vast majority
of comets come from.
This band of icy, lower density material
objects is located beyond the orbit of
Neptune.
This planet has tilt of 97.9 degrees and
is essentially rotating on its side.
This is what medium mass stars will
become after blowing off their outer
layers in a planetary nebula.
These objects have a radius about the size
of a city, spin about their axes very rapidly,
and are supported by neutron pressure.
These objects are defined as a singularity
and can be indirectly observed by x-rays
coming from their accretion disks.
In a binary system, a white dwarf can
accumulate enough mass to cause it to
create this type of explosion.
This is the name for the limit (1.44 solar masses)
determining what type of an object a star will
become at the end of its life.
The Greeks and Babylonians
One
Ancient Myths
18th Century
88
Aristotle
Ptolemy
Eratosthenes
Aristarchus
Hipparchus
Zenith
Right Ascension
Declination
Ecliptic
Azimuth
Waxing
Solar
Umbra
30 Earth Diameters
Synodic
1 AU
Core
Main Sequence
Photosphere
Proton-Proton Chain
Absolute
Gravity
Doppler Shift
Charged Coupled Devices
(CCDs)
Balmer Lines
Nicholas Copernicus
Tycho Brahe
Johannes Kepler
Galileo Galilei
Isaac Newton
Red Dwarfs
Brown Dwarfs
O-type
Type II Supernova
Stellar Evolution Law #2
Spiral
100 billion
8.5 kpc
Harlow Shapley
Population II
14 billion years
30 percent
Isotropy
Homogeneity
Cosmic Microwave
Background Radiation
Terrestrial
Jovian
Oort Cloud
Kuiper Belt
Uranus
White Dwarfs
Black Holes
Neutron Stars
Type I Supernova
Chandrasekhar’s Limit