Transcript Semester 2 Exam Reviewx

Semester 2 Exam Review
• If you cross pea plants that are dwarf
(homozygous recessive), with plants that are
tall and heterozygous, what phenotypic ratio
would you expect in the next generation?
• If a trait shows incomplete dominance (such
as hypercholesterolemia – HH= normal, Hh =
high cholesterol, hh=very high cholesterol),
what is the chance a child from two parents
with high cholesterol will have normal
cholesterol levels?
• Polygenic inheritance= more than one gene
controlling a single trait.
• If two parents with intermediate skin
pigmentation (AaBbCc) have a child, what is
the chance that the child will have very dark
skin (AABBCC)?
• The pedigree below traces the inheritance of
alkaptonuria, a biochemical disorder. Affected
individuals, indicated here by the filled-in circles and
squares, are unable to break down a substance called
alkapton, which colors the urine and stains body
tissues. Does alkaptonuria appear to be caused by a
dominant or recessive allele? Fill in the genotypes of
the individuals whose genotypes for George, Michael,
and Sandra.
• Indicate the
genotypes
of
individuals
1, 2, 4,
10,11
• What is an
example of
a trait that
shows this
type of
inheritance
pattern?
If #11 had a child with a woman that is a carrier for this
trait, what % of their male children would you expect to
express the trait? What % of their female children?
• Describe natural selection
• What is the smallest unit that can evolve?
• What does a population need to have in order
to evolve by natural selection?
• What is the gene pool?
• Besides natural selection, what is another
mechanism of change to a gene pool?
• What scientists should you think of with:
– Genetics?
– Natural selection?
– Classification?
• What are the levels of classification as
developed by Linnaeus?
• Which levels of classification are part of a
scientific name?
• How should a scientific name be written?
• Which kingdom?
– Molds, and yeast?
– E. coli?
– Prokaryotic, unicellular, extreme environment?
– Eukaryotic, unicellular, autotrophic?
– Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic by
ingestion, no cell walls
– moss?
• What are the drawbacks of external
reproduction? Why do some organisms use
it?
• How is an amniotic egg a good adaptation for
a terrestrial existence?
– What 3 animal groups use amniotic eggs?
• What are the characteristics of a highly
efficient digestive system? Why?
• Give examples of organisms that use:
– Intracellular digestion
– Gastrovascular cavities
– One-way digestive tracts
• What are the characteristics (3) of a good
respiratory membrane?