Transcript Genetics - Biology Junction

1
Gregor Mendel
2
Vocabulary
3
Pisum sativum
4
Genetic Crosses
5
Mendel’s Laws
6
Dominance
7
Gregor
Mendel
Vocabulary
Pisum
sativum
Genetic
Crosses
Mendel’s
Laws
Dominance
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Took courses in this
subject at the University
of Vienna that later
helped him with his
genetic studies
9
What is mathematics
or statistics?
10
Mendel did research on
this --- the transmission
of characteristics from
parent to offspring
11
What is heredity?
12
Number of traits
Mendel observed in
his study with pea
plants
13
What is Seven?
14
Mendel used this to
transfer pollen from
the anther to the
stigma of flowers
15
What is a small
paint brush?
16
Mendel was able to
document the traits
of each pea
generation by
controlling this
17
What is pollination?
18
Two forms of a
Gene
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What are alleles?
20
Genotype referred
to as being “Pure”
21
What is
homozygous?
22
Heterozygous
genotypes are also
called this
23
What are hybrids?
24
Two forms that a
gene or allele may
take
25
What are dominant
or recessive?
26
Mendel stated that
physical traits were
inherited as these
27
What are
“particles”?
28
Pure parent pea plants
are obtained by doing
this
29
What is allow to
self-pollinate?
30
Recessive seed shape
in Mendel’s peas
31
What is wrinkled?
32
Flower part that
produces pollen
33
What is the
stamen?
34
Mendel was able to
cross 2 hybrids by
doing this
35
What is transfer
pollen himself or
cross-pollinate?
36
Actual observed ratio
that Mendel got from
an F1 monohybrid
Cross
37
What is 2.96:1?
38
Cross involving 2
traits
39
What is dihybrid?
40
Used to solve
genetic crosses
41
What is a Punnett
Square?
42
Percentage of tall pea
plants resulting from
an F1 Monohybrid
Cross
43
What is 75%?
44
Another name for an
F2 Monohybrid Cross
45
What is a
testcross?
46
Genotypic ratio for
an F2 Monohybrid
Cross
47
What is 1:1?
48
Number of P1
traits that fail to
appear in Mendel’s
F1 pea plants
49
What is one?
50
Trait that appeared in
the F1 generation was
controlled by this
factor or allele
51
What is dominant?
52
Separation of factors
or alleles during the
formation of gametes
53
What is the Law of
Segregation?
54
Dihybrid Crosses
showed that alleles
aren’t connected when
being distributed to
gametes
55
What is the Law of
Independent
Assortment?
56
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Number of Possible
allele Combinations in
an F1 Dihybrid Cross
58
What is four?
59
Used to represent
alleles or factors that
mask others
60
What is a Capital
Letter?
61
States that recessive
trait alleles have no
effect on phenotype
when paired with a
dominant trait allele
62
What is the Law of
Dominance?
63
Gives hybrids an
appearance in between
the phenotypes of the
two parents
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What is Incomplete
Dominance?
65
Multiple alleles for
human blood type is
an example
66
What is
Codominance?
67
Type of dominance
shown in Mendel’s pea
plant crosses
68
What is Complete
Dominance?
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Genetic Ratios
72
Genetic
Disorders
73
Genes
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Sex-Linked
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Mutations
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Human
Genetics
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Genetic
Ratios
Genetic
Disorders
Genes
Sexlinked
Mutations
Human
Genetics
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P1 Monohybrid
genotypic ratio
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What is All Alike?
80
F1 Monohybrid
genotypic ratio
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What is 1:2:1?
82
F2 Monohybrid
genotypic ratio
83
What is 1:1?
84
F1 Dihybrid Phenotypic
ratio
85
What is 9:3:3:1?
86
Probability of getting
hybrids from an F1
Monohybrid Cross
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What is 50% or ½?
88
Family record showing
the inheritance of a
trait over several
generations
89
What is a pedigree?
90
Type of mutation that
causes death, often
before birth
91
What is a lethal
mutation?
92
Genetic disorder that
produces a defective
form of hemoglobin
93
What is sickle cell
anemia?
94
Chromosome mutation
resulting in Down
Syndrome
95
What is
nondisjunction?
96
Genetic disorder in
which the body can
not metabolize the
amino acid
phenylalanine
97
What is PKU?
98
Alternate forms of a
Gene
99
What are alleles?
100
Genes are carried
on these
101
What are
chromosomes?
102
Shows the linear
sequence of genes on
a chromosome
103
What is a
chromosome map?
104
Gene mutation
involving a single
nucleotide
105
What is a point
mutation?
106
Genes found on the
same chromosome are
said to be this
107
What is linked?
108
Genotype for males
109
What is XY?
110
Sex chromosome
that carries the
most genes
111
What is the X
chromosome?
112
X-linked disease
usually in males that
impairs the ability of
blood to clot
113
What is hemophilia?
114
Females that do not
express a trait but
can pass the trait on
to their offspring
115
What are carriers?
116
The presence of male
or female hormones
affects these traits
117
What are sexinfluenced traits?
118
A mutation may take
place in any of these
119
What is a cell?
120
Mutations that aren’t
passed on to offspring
121
What are somatic
mutations?
122
Organisms with these
have a better chance
of reproducing
123
What is a beneficial
mutation?
124
Loss of a piece of a
chromosome due to
chromosomal breakage
125
What is a deletion?
126
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Condition in which a
zygote has only 45
chromosomes
128
What is monosomy?
129
Trait controlled by
two or more genes
such as eye or skin
color
130
What is a polygenic
trait?
131
Genetic disorder
found in European
Jews in which the
nervous system of
infants deteriorates
132
What is Tay-Sachs
disease?
133
Genetic disorder
carried on the X
chromosome resulting
in the wasting away of
muscles
134
What is muscular
dystrophy?
135
XXY chromosomes in
a male
136
What is
Klinefelter’s
syndrome?
137
Screening for this
disorder is performed
immediately after
birth in the United
States
138
What is PKU?
139
Final
Jeopardy
140
This type of dominance
occurs when
heterozygous individuals
& dominant homozygous
individuals are
indistinguishable in
phenotype
141
What is
complete
dominance?
142