Transcript Traits
Chapter C3 Section 1 Mendel and His Peas Gregor Mendel: Who was he? • Born 1822 in Austria • Monk and a scientist/teacher • He researched in the monastery garden. • He discovered the principles of heredity + ½ each = 2 pts Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter C3 Section 1 Mendel and His Peas Characteristics • Mendel studied only one characteristic at a time. Characteristics• seed shape • plant height • flower color + 1 each = 2 pts Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter C3 Section 1 Mendel and His Peas Mix and Match Mendel wanted to find out what would happen if he bred or crossed two plants that had different traits of a single characteristic. + 1 each = 1 pt Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter C3 Section 1 Mendel and His Peas Pea Plant Experiments: What were his results? Mendel’s 1st Experiments + 1 each = 3 pts • One trait was always present in the first generation and the other trait seemed to disappear. •the trait that appeared =dominant trait. •The trait that seemed to disappear = recessive trait. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter C3 Section 1 Mendel and His Peas Mendel’s 2nd Experiments • In second-generation, the recessive trait reappeared. •MOST plants had the dominant trait. + 1 each = 2 pts Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter C3 Section 1 Mendel and His Peas The ratio between dominant & recessive traits The ratio was always about 3:1 (dominant : recessive) + 1 pt Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter C3 Section 1 Mendel and His Peas What conclusions did he make? His results could only be explained if : • each plant had two sets of instructions for each characteristic. • each parent donated one set of instructions + 1 each = 2 pts Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter C3 Section 1 Mendel and His Peas 30 Years after Mendel’s death: • his work became widely recognized • his ideas were rediscovered • his work opened the door to modern genetics + 1 each = 3 pts Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Biology • The area of science that studies living organisms. –“bio” = life/ living –“ology” = the study of Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Genetics • The area of science that studies heredity. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Heredity – p. 56 • The passing of traits from parents to offspring. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Characteristic – p. 58 • A feature that has different forms in a population. example: hair color Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Traits – p. 58 • The different forms of the feature example: brown or red hair Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Characteristics vs. Traits Characteristics Traits Red or Blonde Traits Brown Traits Black Hair Color Dominant Trait-- p. 59 • The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Recessive Trait –p. 59 • A trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.