Transcript Unit 6

Unit 6
Breakthroughs in Science
and Technology
Part I Warming Up

Training focus: Summarizing news
 Item 1.
 Pre-listening:
 What is silk usually used for?
 What new use has been
 discovered?
A1
Vocabulary
 1.shooting range:射击场，打靶场
 2.yarn:a long continuous usu.cotton
or
woolen thread used in knitting ,making
cloth ,mats .etc.
 3.pawn:（象棋中的)兵，卒
 4.rival：to be as good ,clever,
beautiful ,etc. as someone or
something else
 5.mutation:the
way in which genes
change and produce permanent
differences
 6.trait :a particular characteristic
that can produce a particular type
of behavior
 7.cutting-edge:very modern and
with all the newest features
While listening
Summarize the news:
 Item 1.
 This news is about
a kind of new bulletproof
_______________________
vest made of silk
___________________________________
____.
 Item 2:
 Pre-listening
 analyzing… data: 分析…数据
 correspondent: a person employed by a newspaper,
a television station, etc. to report on a particular
subject or send reports from a foreign country; a
reporter
 通讯记者
 a war correspondent
 战地记者
 rainfall: the amount of rain that falls
 2. This news item is about
___________________________________________
research done by American and Japanese researchers to
___________________________________________
predict severe weather in and around the Indian Ocean.
________

Item 3
 pawn (国际象棋中的)兵,卒

This news item is about
________________________________________
a chess match between a world champion and
________________________________________
the rest of the world on the Internet.

Item 4


This news item is about
the significance of the discovery of the
 ________________________________________
structure of DNA.
________________________________________
________________________________________

Item 5.
 VCR: video cassette recorder 盒式录放像机
 This news item is about
________________________________________
NEC’s new robot that talks and
________________________________________
understands orders.
A2. Listen again and complete the following facts

1. While silk threads may be ____,
soft they
can be used to produce
_____________________________
a stronger yarn than copper threads.
 2. American and Japanese researchers
have discovered
__________________________________
a strong connection between extreme
and conditions in the ocean.
weather
__________________________________

3.Visitors to the site have 24 hours to
________________________
helped by a
vote on their counter move
team of young chess experts who
_______________
will suggest strategies.
 4. Understanding its code has helped to
unlockthe
____________________,as
mechanies of inherited disease well as
____________________such
as
beneficial biological traits
intelligence and body strength.
 5.
The robot from NEC can
record and send video mail
_______________________
through the
Internet
and
switch
on
____________________
TVs, VCRs and air conditioners.

B. Training focus: Recognizing Tones of Voices

Tones of voice carry meaning. The speakers use different
tones to help express speakers feelings, emotions and
attitudes. For example,


You are very helpful.
The sentence can mean differently when it is read in
different tones.
 It can either be grateful or sarcastic.
 So sometimes people speak sarcastically, sometimes
humorously, interested, worried, enthusiastically, angrily
or patiently.
 Now you will listen to 7 short spoken extracts. Pay
attention to the subjects people are talking about and the
tones of voice.
B Vocabulary



1.opaque: not able to be seen through
2.ruby:the color of a deep red precious stone
3.ferment:to (cause to )change chemically and become
filled with gas by the action of certain living substances
such as yeast ,esp.in such a way that sugar turns to
alcohol
 4.ball bearing:an arrangement of metal balls moving in a
ring round a bar in a machine so that the bar can turn
more easily
 5.lubricating oil:a type of oil used for making parts in a
machine ,etc.move easily and smoothly without rubbing
or sticking
 6.Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emissions of
Radiation(LASER):激光
1
Subject
Gravity / Gravitation
Tone of voice
Superior
2
Lightning
_____________
Patronizing
__________
3
______
X rays
Enthusiastic
___________
4
Laser
________
Bored
_________
5
________
Yeast
6
Friction
________
7
Recycling
__________
____________
Friendly
/intimate
_______________
Loudly but neutral
Patiently
___________
Part II Human genome project
Vocabulary
1.genome:the complete set of genetic material of a
human ,animal ,plant or other living thing
2.map:to show or establish the features or details
of
3.chromosome:any of the rod-like structures
found in all living cells,containing the chemical
patterns which control what an animal or plant
is like 染色体
4.rung:any of the short bars that form the
steps of a ladder
5.makeup:the way in which someone or
something is composed
6.amplify:to increase the size or effect of
something
7.warfare:the activity of fighting a
war ,often including the weapons and
methods that are used
While-listening
A.In this section you are going to learn
something about the human genome
project.Listen carefully and complete the
outline.
Outline
I.The goal of the human genome project:
to________________every one of the
estimated_________genes in the human
body
II. Description of a gene
A. a simple definition of a gene :__________
B. location of genes:____________
C. function of the sequence of genetic
rungs:________________________
III.______________of the human genome
project
A. to help _________many inherited diseases
B. to help amplify ___________in future
generations
C. to solve many mysteries of________
D. to lead to__________of human nature

IV. _____________of the the human
genome project
 potential________
 e.g.: 1.for profit

2.for____________
Key to A








I. indentify ,catalog, map and analyze 100,000
II.A. a piece of DNA,the basic molecule of life
B.on chromosomes/in every cell/alternately
colored rungs
C. produce chemical instructions/build &run the
human body
III. A. cure or prevent B.desirable genetic traits
C. the brain,consciousness and the mind
D. a scientic description
IV. abuse 2.warfare



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B.
Vocabulary
decipher: to discover the meaning of something
written badly or in a difficult or hidden way
lifeblood: the thing is which is most important to
the continuing success and existence of something
else
embryo: an animal that is developing either in its
mother’s womb or in an egg,or a plant that is
developing in a seed 胚胎
scroll: to move next or other information on a
computer screen in order to view a different part
of it
cystic fibrosis:囊肿性纤维化（属遗传性胰腺
病））
While-listening
Directions:Listen to a second news report
about the human genome project.Choose
the correct answers for the following
questions.
1.How many pieces of information does a
DNA molecule contain?
a.300,000
b. 3,000,000
c.300,000,000 d.3,000,000,000
2.What do DNA molecules from when they piece together?
a.Cells b.Embryos c. Genes d. None of the above
3.What does Ira Herskowits use to help people
understand DNA?
a.Song B.Game c. Drawing d. Computer
4. What does Ira Herskowits mean when he says that
DNA is “worth more to you than the family jewels”?
a.Whoever discovers the genetic code will be very rich.
b.The molecules look like jewels.
c. Everything about a person’s looks and health is stored in
DNA.
d.DNA can be sold for a lot of money.
5.How can DNA have so much information
when it only has four letters to work with?
a.The letters can mean different things.
b. The letters can be combined in “strings” to
form many different combinations.
c.The scientists are making up the numbers.
d.No one knows how four letters can have so
much information.
6. What challenges will there be after they
finish mapping the human genome?
a. To clone human beings.
b. To discover how genes can prevent or cure
disease.
c. To try to make a human organ with the
DNA information.
d. To take over the job of making babies.
Key to B

1.d 2.c 3.a 4.c 5.b 6 b
Part III Latest breakthroughs in
technology



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Training focus: Note taking, selecting information
A. A report about the latest breakthroughs in
technology.
I. Vocabulary
tinker with: to work without a fixed plan or useful
results, making small changes, esp. when trying to
repair or improve something.
He tinkered with his car to see if he could make it
work.

fad: an interest or activity that is followed
very keenly but usu. only for a short time
一时的流行;一时的风尚
 grand: a thousand pounds or dollars





prototype: the first form of something, esp. of a
machine or industrial product, form which at
later forms
develop,
sometimes
with
improvements
原型;标准;模范
earpiece: either of two pieces of a hat or cap,
which cover the ears to keep them warm; either
of the two pieces of a pair of glasses which hold
the glasses onto the ears.
耳罩
inventiveness: the ability to invent or think in
new and different way
II. While Listening

Instructions: You are going to hear a report
about the latest development in technology.
Listen carefully and then briefly answer the
questions. Note that the language used in
this report is rather informal and ignore the
redundancy and note down the key words
and in particular, the clue words like “trend”
and “theme”
.
A. Answer the following questions

1. What is the trend for electronics in the
future?
 ___________________________.
Integrated, smaller, faster, better
 2. What is the theme of electronics in the
future?
 ___________________________________
The combination of computers and
___________________________________
communications and then having them
disappear from our sight.
B. Instructions:

Listen for specific information. Make use
of the clue words in the exercise. Pay
special attention to the items listed in the
following chart. Filling the missing
information
Item
Descriptions
video broadcast
T-Bo’s personal Can read __________________
TV(a computer Can pauseon
a live broadcast
___________________
recording video) Learns which TV shows and
characters you like to watch and
records them for you.
_______________________
Ericsson’s
R380
calls
Can make _____
the web
Can browse _______.
the calendar
Can check _________
Can send and receive email.
______
pictures
Can give pretty good ________
P3 wrist camera Costs _________
$ 2,000
IBM wearable
PC
carried easily
Can be _____________
Information can be accessed
earpiece
through _________
Information can be integrated into
_________
clothing
Weighs ______________
less than a pound
belt
Can be clipped onto ______
The monitor, the size of _________
a pen cap
Panasonic portable
DVD player
Can watch movies and
listen to CDs
_____________________
while traveling
Casio’s DPS watch
Can tell you
where you are on a map
_____________________
directions
Can give you _________