Transcript - Biomed Town

Virtual Physiological Human:
vision and early experiences
Marco Viceconti
STEP CONSORTIUM
IST 2006
© 2006 STEP Consortium
The trend toward descriptive
• There is a growing consensus that many
research questions can be properly
addressed only by accumulating observations
collected at various research or clinical
centres into a repository accessible virtually
by all researchers
• Obvious examples are rare diseases,
cerebral aneurysms, osteoporosis, etc.
• NIH policy for data sharing is a concrete
example
© 2006 STEP Consortium
The trend toward integrative
• Biomedical research is constantly bending
toward higher levels of integration
• Researchers combine observations taken at
different dimensional or temporal scales, with
different instrumentations, etc.
• The integration is also happening across
research sub-domains (e.g. genetics &
biomechanics) and across sub-systems (e.g.
skeletal & circulatory systems)
© 2006 STEP Consortium
The trend toward Predictive
• Computer-based modelling is used routinely in
engineering, meteorology, traffic control, etc.
• The introduction of predictive models as support to
the clinical decision has been slow and difficult
• There are now evidences of clinical use of
predictive models:
– Various physical models in Computer Aided Diagnosis,
e.g. FE models for breast cancer
– Molecular pathway modelling in the design of new drugs
– FE models to predict the risk of bone fracture in
reconstructive surgery and in osteoporosis
© 2006 STEP Consortium
The human Puzzle
© 2006 STEP Consortium
The human Puzzle
• The human body is currently investigated as
if it is jigsaw puzzle made of a trillion pieces
• We are trying to understand the whole picture
by looking at a single piece, or at a few
closely interconnected pieces
• We do need a frame, within which we can
finally start to place the pieces all together,
and the glue that connect them
• The frame is not the whole picture, but is the
only way we might hope to see it one day
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Paradigmatic Shift in
Biomedical Research
Complement
Reductionism
With
Integrationism
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Integration across ….
Across sub-systems
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Integration across ….
Organism (7)
Across
Temporal scales
OrganSystem(6
)
Organ (5)
Tissue (4)
Cell (3)
Across
dimensional scales
Molecule (2)
Atom (1)
H H
C C
H H
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Integration across ….
Medicine
Across Disciplines
BioEngineering
Biology
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Integrative Research
• The Integrative Research approach
requires a radical transformation on the
way biomedical research is conducted
• It is necessary to create a framework
made of technology and methods
• We call this framework
Virtual Physiological Human
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Virtual Physiological Human
• The Virtual Physiological Human is a
methodological and technological
framework that once established will
enable the investigation of the human
body as a single complex system
• This framework should be descriptive,
integrative and predictive
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Seeding the EuroPhysiome:
a roadmap to the
Virtual Physiological Human
• STEP is developing this roadmap through a
consensus process involving hundreds of
experts and the representatives of clinical,
industrial and societal stakeholders
• The RoadMap is a document that describes
the research and technological development
that Europe should follow to achieve the
realisation of the Virtual Physiological Human
© 2006 STEP Consortium
VPH Research Road Map
• Public draft available
– http://www.europhysiome.org/RoadMap
• Draft is being revised by 10 reviewers
representing research, industry and the
clinical practice from Japan, USA, New
Zealand, and Europe
• Anybody can contribute: comments and
additions should be sent to Annalisa Bandieri
[email protected]; please specify the
chapter
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Road Map Deadlines
• 31-09-2006 version v1c1
• 07-11-2006 Conference #2 consensus
• 15-12-2006 version v2a1
• 28-02-2007 Final version draft
• 31-03-2007 Publication of the final version
© 2006 STEP Consortium
VPH: early experiences
© 2006 STEP Consortium
The VPH Think-tank
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Cardiac Physiome
Cell level
phenotype
Protein
expression
Channel
distributions
Ion channel gene
expression levels in
mouse. Liu et al, 2003
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Heart level
phenotype
Spatial distribution of ion channel density
Aneurist
@neuEndo
@neuFuse
connector
@neuRisk
@neuLink
connector
connector
connector
@neurIST Portal
aneurysm
Function 1
Function 3
Function 2
Function 4
connector
Client side API
@neuCompute &
@neuInfo
connector connector connector connector
Carditis
Devices
© 2006 STEP Consortium
William Cook
Devices
Entrez
Pubmed
External
Public
Databases
External
Commercial DBs
Grid middleware
Service side interface
connector
connector
connector
wall shear stress
EBI
Web
Services
biomedical
data info
structure
WP 2.6
Bioinf.
data services
for @neuLink
connector
@neurIST
Data
Services
connector
@neurIST
Compute
Services
Design of Medical Devices
© 2006 STEP Consortium
The Living Human
Digital Library
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Biomed Town
http://www.biomedtown.org/
Bone sarcomas
• Rare diseases (0.2% all cancers)
• Principally affect young adults,
adolescents, children
• Mostly lower limb skeleton
Histology:
distal femur sarcoma
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Limb Salvage Surgery
%
100
90
80
70
60
50
70
40
76
30
47
20
10
20
0
1977-1981
© 2006 STEP Consortium
1982-1986
1987-1991
1992-1996
Data from Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli
Amputation
Rotationplasty
Limb-salvage
Reconstructive procedure
© 2006 STEP Consortium
Predicting risk of fracture in
Peadiatric Oncology
Strain comparison (Law3 implemented)
4000
y = 1.01x + 6.03
3000
2
predicted

R = 0.911
2000
1000
0
-1200
-800
-400
0
-1000
-2000
-3000
-4000
measured ()
© 2006 STEP Consortium
400
800
1200
Risk of fracture - operated
Jul 2001
QuickTi me™ e un
decompressore TIFF (LZW)
sono necessari per visual izzar e q uest' immag i ne.
12 m
QuickTi me™ e un
decompressore TIFF (LZW)
sono necessari per visual izzar e q uest' immag i ne.
28 m
QuickTi me™ e un
decompressore TIFF (LZW)
sono necessari per visual izzar e q uest' immag i ne.
35 m
Quic k Ti me™ e un
dec om pres s ore T IFF (LZW )
s ono nec es s ari per vi s uali zzare ques t 'im magi ne.
A clinical success
Thank you!
© 2006 STEP Consortium