Transcript Document
Einstein’s Lens Einstein’s Lens Presented by: Name, Affiliation Location and Date here http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Einstein’s big idea Mass bends space. Light follows the shortest path through space. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Einstein’s big idea Star here… So a star’s position in the sky… http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Einstein’s big idea Appears to be here …appears shifted because of the bending. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Testing the prediction Stars here… The positions of stars in the night sky are known to high accuracy… …but the Sun’s gravity will warp the space that the starlight travels through http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Testing the prediction Appear to be here So when their light passes close by the Sun their positions will appear to change …if you could see them during the day! http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens As predicted… On May 29, 1919, the Sun passed in front of the bright Hyades star cluster …and the Moon passed in front of the Sun. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens As predicted… Sky map showing the amount and direction of shift of star positions. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Read all about it… This headline appeared in The New York Times on November 10, 1919 http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Lensing goes cosmic Advances in telescope technology have revealed a universe of illusion! http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Identical twins? The discovery of identical quasars in the 1970s took gravitational lensing to cosmological scales http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Lensing on a cosmic scale http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Breaking news The discovery of lensed quasars not only showed the power of Einstein’s idea, but was the proof that the enigmatic quasars were at vast cosmological distances. Quasar 0957+561 from the VLA radio telescope http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens What shape is your lens? Spherical lens gives an Einstein ring http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens What shape is your lens? Elongated lens gives multiple images – Einstein Cross http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens What shape is your lens? Multiple lenses give multiple sets of arcs and arclets http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Nice pictures, but what can lensing do for us? Gravitational lenses have become one of the most important tools in modern astronomy http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens 1. The biggest magnifying glass in the universe! Seeing the most distant - and youngest - galaxies in the universe http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens 2. A new way to measure distance Different images take different paths, and have different travel times. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens 3. Black hole hunting For animation source, see link in notes. Animation must be saved in same folder as Power Point to run. A black hole’s presence is revealed by its own gravity. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Just passing through… A star’s brightness is magnified by a black hole lens. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens 4. Exposing dark matter Lensing maps both the mass we can see, and the mass we can’t. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens 5. Ogling alien worlds Gravitational Microlensing: A whole new way to find planets around other sta http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Full circle Not just proof of an amazing idea, but a cutting-edge tool of 21st century astronomy. http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ Einstein’s Lens Image Credits 1919 Eclipse: National Maritime Museum, Greenwich Q2237+0305: J. Rhoads, S. Malhotra, I. Dell'Antonio (NOAO) / WIYN / NOAO / NSF Identical quasars: STScI (George Rhee) Quasar diagram: NASA / CXC / M. Weiss Lens shape diagrams: European Space Agency Einstein ring: STScI, Imperial College (Steve Warren, Simon Dye) Einstein Cross: ESA and NASA Abell 1689: N. Benitez (JHU), et al, and the ACS Science Team, ESA, NASA Gravitational lensing: NASA, ESA, J. Blakeslee and H. Ford (JHU)) Arcs: ESA, NASA, J.-P. Kneib (Caltech / Obs. Midi-Pyrénées) and R. Ellis (Caltech) Cloverleaf quasar: NASA / CXC / Penn State / G. Chartas, et al Lensing animation: Frank Summers (STScI) Microlensing: NASA and Dave Bennett (University of Notre Dame, Indiana) CL2244-04: European Southern Observatory ALBERT EINSTEIN and related rights ™/© of The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, used under license. Represented by the Roger Richman Agency, Inc., www.albert-einstein.net Planet search: OGLE Collaboration Full circle: NASA, ESA, A. Bolton (Harvard-Smithsonian CfA) and the SLACS Team http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/ http://www.universeforum.org/einstein/