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Mutations
Definition
• A mutation is a change in an organism’s
DNA
– Silent mutations are changes that do not
result in a change to the organisms
phenotype
– Mutations that occur in germ cells (sperm,
eggs) are passed on to offspring
– Mutations in somatic (body) cells may be
harmless, or may result in disease such as
cancer
Chromosomal
Mutations
A Point Mutation Resulting in Nonsense
A Point Mutation: An Analogy
the red dog bit the tan cat
the red mog bit the tan cat
This point mutation changes the meaning,
resulting in nonsense
A Point Mutation Resulting in Missense
A Point Mutation: An Analogy
the red dog bit the tan cat
the red hog bit the tan cat
This point mutation changes the meaning,
resulting in missense
An Insertion Mutation in a Gene
An Insertion Mutation: An Analogy
the red dog bit the tan cat
the red rdo gbi tth eta nca
This insertion mutation changes the reading
frame
A Deletion Mutation in a Gene
An Deletion Mutation: An Analogy
the red dog bit the tan cat
the red ogb itt het anc at_
This deletion mutation changes the reading
frame
A Frameshift Mutation