Transcript 1. The father of genetics is_____. A. Charles Darwin B

1. Somatic cells in humans have __________
chromosomes.
A. 23
B. 46
___
C. 92
2. When a karyotype is done chromosomes are
arranged in pairs based on _____.
A. size
B. shape
C. centromere location
D. all of the above
___
4. A display of the pairs of chromosomes is called a
_____.
A. pedigree chart
B. karyotype
___
C. caricature
D. chromosome map
5. Fetal cells can be obtained for diagnostic purposes
during _____.
A. chorionic villi sampling
B. fertilization
C. amniocentesis
D. both A and C
___
7. In humans there are _____ pairs of autosomes.
___
A. 22
B. 23
C. 44
D. 88
8. Nondisjunction _____.
A. results in gametes with too few
chromosomes
B. can occur during meiosis I
C. can occur during meiosis II
D. all of the above
___
10. The most common autosomal trisomy among
humans is _____.
A. trisomy 21
___
B. trisomy 13
C. trisomy 18
11. Persons with Down syndrome usually have
__________ copies of chromosome 21 in their
karyotype.
A. two
___
B. three
C. four
12. Which of the following would be the result of
nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes?
A. Turner syndrome XO
___
B. Down syndrome trisomy 21
C. Edward syndrome trisomy 18
D. Patau syndrome trisomy 13
14. If an egg with 22 autosomes is fertilized by a
sperm with 22 autosomes and an X chromosome, the
offspring will be
_____.
A. female, XO
___
B. female, XXX
C. male, OY
D. male, XXY
15. Individuals with Down syndrome have three
copies of _____.
A. the X chromosome
B. chromosome 13
___
C. chromosome 21
D. the Y chromosome
16. Which of the following symptoms of Down
syndrome may be associated with the Gart gene?
A. leukemia
B. mental retardation
___
C. accelerated rate of aging
D. cataracts
17. Turner females, XO, are characterized by _____.
A. normal breast development
B. regular menstrual cycles
___
C. infertility
D. none of the above
20. Klinefelter males are characterized by _____.
A. two Y chromosomes
B. underdeveloped testes and prostate glands
___
C. normal size hands and feet
D. all of the above
21. Fragile X syndrome is characterized by _____.
A. autism
B. delayed speech development
C. hyperactivity
D. all of the above
___
22. Jacob syndrome (XYY) is caused by
nondisjuction that occurred during _____.
A. meiosis I
___
B. meiosis II
23. When Down syndrome tends to run in the family
of the father or mother the cause is _____.
A. the advanced age of the mother
B. a translocation between chromosomes 14
___
and 21
C. a deletion from chromosome 21
D. duplication of chromosome 18
24. A _____ is characterized by only one of a
particular kind of chromosome instead of a pair.
A. monosomy
___
B. disomy
C. trisomy
25. Fragile X syndrome is characterized by _____.
A. an extra X chromosome
B. over 230 copies of the base triplet CGG in
___
the fragile X chromosome
C. the absence of a Y chromosome
D. a normal phenotype
30. Which of the following is an autosomal recessive
disorder?
A. cystic fibrosis
___
B. Huntington disease
C. color blindness
D. all of the above
31. Huntington disease leads to _____.
A. degeneration of brain cells
B. severe muscle spasms
C. personality disorders
D. all of the above
___
32. The pattern of inheritance for a particular
condition is shown by a _____.
A. karyotype
B. caricature
___
C. pedigree chart
D. chromosome map
34. When a genetic disorder is a simple autosomal
dominant an individual with the alleles _____ will
have the disorder.
A. tt
B. TT
C. Tt
___
D. both B and C are correct
35. In a pedigree chart _____.
A. a shaded circle represents a normal
(unaffected) female
B. a square represents an affected male
C. a line between a circle and a square
___
represents a union
D. all of the above
36. Parents that appear to be normal but are capable
of having a child with a genetic disorder are _____.
A. carriers
___
B. mutants
C. homozygous recessive
D. homozygous dominant
38. Which of the following is characteristic of an
autosomal dominant disorder?
A. most affected children have affected parents
B. heterozygotes have a normal phenotype
___
C. two affected parents can have an unaffected
child
D. males are affected more often than females
39. Parents who are both carriers for an autosomal
recessive disorder have a _____ chance of having a
child with the
disorder.
A. 10%
___
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%
41. Which of the following characterizes autosomal
recessive disorders?
A. heterozygotes with normal phenotypes
B. affected parents always having affected
children
C. affected individuals with homozygous
dominant mates having unaffected children
___
D. all of the above
43. Which of the following is an autosomal dominant
disorder?
A. Huntington disease
___
B. cystic fibrosis
C. hemophilia
D. Tay-Sachs disease
44. Which of the following is true of
Neurofibromatosis?
A. most people appear normal until middle age
B. in most cases, the symptoms are mild and
___
patients live a normal life
C. the mutant allele is located on the X
chromosome
D. heterozygotes will have a normal phenotype
46. Which of the following is true of Huntington
disease?
A. more females than males are affected
B. it is easily cured
C. it is the result of a deletion from
chromosome 21
D. the more repeats of the base triplet CAG,
___
the more severe the symptoms are
49. The most common lethal genetic disorder among
Caucasians in the US is _____.
A. Tay Sachs disease
B. color blindness
___
C. cystic fibrosis
D. neurofibomatosis
51. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by _____.
A. thick and viscous mucus in the bronchial
tubes
B. an average life expectancy of 17-28 years of
age
C. failure of the chloride ions to pass through
plasma membrane channel proteins
___
D. all of the above
52. Tays Sachs disease usually occurs in _____.
A. Jewish people of central and eastern
___
European descent
B. African-American people
C. males
D. Native Americans
53. Diet soft drinks have a warning on them that
applies specifically to individuals who have _____.
A. color blindness
B. Tay Sachs disease
C. neurofibromatosis
D. phenylketonuria
___
54. The frequency of the phenotypes of traits
controlled by _____ follows a bell-shaped curve.
A. polygenic inheritance
___
B. autosomal recessive inheritance
C. codominance
D. multiple alleles
55. Which of the following alleles for blood type is
dominant?
A. A
B. B
C. O
D. both A and B
___
57. If a man with blood type A has a child with blood
type O, the father's genotype must be _____.
A. AA
B. AB
___
C. AO
D. OO
59. The distribution and variation of the phenotypes
can be influenced by _____.
A. the number of genes that control the trait
B. environmental effects
C. both A and B
___
61. Codominance in humans is displayed by people
with _____.
A. AB blood type
___
B. color blindness
C. cystic fibrosis
D. very dark skin color
62. An example of a human disorder that is
controlled by incompletely dominant alleles is
_____.
A. hemophilia
___
B. sickle-cell anemia
C. color blindness
D. Tay-Sachs disease
64. The allele for sickle cell is more commonly
found in _____.
A. Jewish people of central and eastern
European descent
B. African-American people
___
C. males
D. Native Americans
65. Genetic counseling relies on _____.
A. pedigree charts
B. blood tests for faulty enzymes
C. chromosomal tests
D. all of the above
___
67. Which is an X-linked recessive disorder?
A. color blindness
B. hemophilia
C. muscular dystrophy
D. all of the above
___
68. The alleles of most sex-linked genetic disorders
are on the _____ chromosome.
A. X
___
B. Y
70. Which of the following is typical of X-linked
recessive conditions?
A. more males than females are affected
B. females can be carriers
C. all the sons of a female who has the
condition will have the condition
___
D. all of the above
71. The daughters of a man who is color blind and a
woman who is homozygous dominant will _____.
A. be carriers
B. be color blind
C. have normal vision
D. both A and C
___
73. Which of the following is on the X chromosome?
A. the gene for red-sensitive protein
___
B. the gene for A-antigen on red blood cells
C. the gene for the enzyme that breaks down
phenylalanine
D. the gene for the enzyme hexosaminidase
74. Which of the following is characteristic of
Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
A. toe walking
B. passage of the recessive allele from carrier
mother to carrier daughter
C. an absence of a protein called dystrophin
___
D. all of the above
76. Queen Victoria was a carrier for hemophilia so
her sons had a _____ chance of inheriting the
disease.
A.
25%
___
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%
79. Which of the following is true of hemophilia?
A. there is only one type of hemophilia
B. the affected people only bleed externally
after an injury
C. more females than males are affected
D. the genetic engineering product, factor VIII,
___
can be used to treat hemophilia B
80. Tests are available to detect _____.
A. carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
B. the presence of the gene for Huntington
disease
C. carriers of cystic fibrosis
D. all of the above
___