Transcript PowerPoint Presentation - Slide 1 - What's New?

GENOMICS OF COTTON BOLL
AND FIBRE DEVELOPMENT
National Agricultural Innovation Project
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research)
INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
ARUNA ASAF ALI MARG, NEW DELHI - 110067
Consortium Leader
NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE ON PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
PUSA CAMPUS, NEW DELH I- 110012
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
DHARWAD - 580005
National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP) of Indian Council of Agricultural Research
(ICAR) accords high priority to generation and transfer of innovative agricultural technologies.
The overall objective of the NAIP is to facilitate an accelerated and sustainable transformation of
the Indian agriculture, so that it can support poverty alleviation and income generation through
collaborative development and application of agricultural innovations by the public organizations
in partnership with farmers, the private sector and other stakeholders. The specific objective of the
NAIP under the component 4 is to build capacity to undertake basic and strategic research in
frontier areas of agricultural sciences. Present project is funded by the NAIP to develop cotton
genotypes with good quality fiber and insect resistance.
Cultivated Species
Cotton is the most important fibre crop in India occupying 9 mha
area which represents world highest acreage of 34 mha under cotton. In
four of the cultivated cotton species, two are A-genome diploid species
(Gossypium arboretum L. and G. herbaceum L.) and two are
allotetraploid AD-genome species (G. barbadense L. and G. hirsutum
L.). G. hirsutum L. is the most widely cultivated species and accounts
for more than 90% of the world cotton lint production.
Fibre morphogenesis can be divided into four
overlapping development stages: Fibre initiation,
Primary cell wall synthesis (fibre expansion and
elongation), Secondary cell wall synthesis and
Maturation. The growth and development of
cotton plant is highly influenced by both biotic
and abiotic factors and directly influence the
fibre yield and quality.
Biotic factors
Insects
Abiotic factors
Drought
In the recent years, rapid development of genomic tools and resources such as expression
profiling of elongating fiber cells has provided clues to facilitate the understanding of cotton
production. This opens up opportunities to isolate genes encoding fiber quality and strength.
Efforts to isolate these genes will facilitate our ability to manipulate fibre characters that the
textile industry is looking forward. Promoters that are highly active during boll development will
sustain the expression of foreign proteins such as Bt toxins in the bolls providing effective
protection against Cotton bollworm and Pink bollworm. Similarly, boll-specific promoters will
facilitate hyper-expression of osmotolerant genes in developing bolls thus imparting protection to
the physiological and biochemical processes involved in fibre development.
OBJECTIVES

Identification of genes in the developing boll that are highly influenced under Bollworm
attack and drought and nutritional stresses.
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Construction of EST database of Gossypium hirsutum from tissues derived from various
stages of boll development.
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Assignment of functions to key genes involved in cotton fibre length and quality.
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Isolation and characterization of promoters for the genes expressed specifically in bolls
and are strongly up regulated.
Studies on the influence of various factors during the boll development can provide vital
information on the expression profile of various genes and their role at molecular level that is
necessary for understanding the cotton fibre formation and its development under various adverse
conditions. The project envisages identification and isolation of genes and promoters involved in
fibre development and characterization of their responses to biotic and abiotic stress factors.
Different boll developmental stages
Towards this objective novel approaches will be followed which include:
•Global expression profiling of boll-specific ESTs under biotic and abiotic stress conditions.
•Identification of the corresponding gene sequences by bioinformatics tool
•PCR-based genome walking to isolate boll-specific and high expressing promoter sequences and
validation using reporter gene expression in cotton.
•Development of cotton boll proteome database and identify proteins whose accumulation is
influenced by abiotic and biotic factors using mass spectrometric analysis.
•Functional validation of candidate genes involved in the fibre development using expression and
gene silencing approaches in cotton.
Isolate proteins from various stages of fiber development
Gel spots
Trypsin
fragments
2DE
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MALDI-TOF: Peptide mapping
Masspec data
Proteome
and
EST data bases,
genome analysis
The deliverables:
Genes and promoters that are specific to boll development.
Genes associated with fiber development.
Genes and promoters that are expressed in response to biotic and abiotic stress factors during
boll development.
Validated boll-specific promoters useful for the development of transgenic cotton
Novel methods for the genomic analysis.
Expected output and impact of the project:
 The most important outcome of the project is a fundamental understanding of gene expression
during flower, square, boll and fiber development in cotton. The knowledge thus gained will have
profound implications in applied cotton breeding, transgenic development and biotechnology of
cotton leading towards trait introduction and improvement.
 Expression of insecticidal proteins such as Bt toxins under the control of boll-specific promoter
will sustain their expression thus providing effective control of cotton Bollworms.
 The project will generate fundamental knowledge about the gene function and the influence of
biotic and abiotic factors on fiber development.
• Execution of the programme will help identify and isolate genes and respective promoters that will
lead to better fiber quality, improved marketability and value to the farmer.
• Well-trained human resource in the frontier technologies such as functional genomics through DNA
microarrays, proteomics and transcriptomics.
• The novel genes and promoters identified will be protected in the form of patents by the NAIP.
ICGEB, New Delhi
Proteome analysis:
* Global analysis of protein expression
during boll development under normal and
stress conditions
* Validation of genes/promoters
NRCPB, New Delhi
Transcriptome analysis:
* Global analysis of gene expression during
boll development under normal & stress
conditions
* Validation of genes/promoters
GENOMICS OF COTTON BOLL
AND FIBER DEVELOPMENT
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UAS, Dharwad
Production of cotton plants under biotic and abiotic stress conditions for
proteomic and transcriptomic studies
Isolation of transcripts & cDNA for transcripome studies
Validation of genes/promoters
CONSORTIUM IMPLEMENTATION COMMITTEE
Name of the member
University/
Institute
Email
Phone
Dr V Siva Reddy, CL
Dr. M K Reddy, CCL
Dr. S. Leelavathi, CCL
ICGEB, Aruna Asaf
Ali Marg, New
Delhi-67
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
011-26741358
Dr P. Ananda Kumar, CCL
NRCPB, IARI, New
Delhi
[email protected]
011-25848783
Dr I S Katageri, CCL
Dr. H. M. Vamadevaiah, CCL
UAS, Dharwad580004, Karnataka
[email protected]
0836-2447874
CONSORTIUM ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Prof A. R. Reddy, Chairman-CAC,Vice-Chancellor, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, A.P.
(Expert on functional genomics of crop plants)
Prof Amit Ghosh, Director, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar
(Expert on Microbial genetics and molecular biology of Vibrio cholerae)
Dr B. M. Khadi, Director, Central Institute of Cotton Research, Nagpur
(Expert on cotton breeding and biotechnology)
Estimated total cost of the project : Rs. 755.50 lakhs