Transcript Transgenic Animals

Transgenic Animals
By: Amber, Catherine, Kayla,
Lauren
What is a transgenic animal?
• A transgenic animal is animal whose
chromosomes have been changed to carry
the genes of other organisms.
How are (they) transgenic
animals made?
• There are three main ways to produce
transgenic animals: microinjection,
blastocyst injection, and the help of a
retrovirus.
Microinjection:
• This involves injecting a trangene, the gene
used to create a transgenic animal, into a
fertilized egg.
• There is little ability to determine where the
transgenic is located and whether it will survive.
• Because of this, most eggs do not survive or do
not have the transgene, but between 1% and
30% of the eggs injected can produce a live
transgenic animal.
Blastocyst Injection:
• This involves placing the transgene into an
embryonic stem cell or ES cell.
• ES cells are cells that are able to develop
into all types of tissues.
• The cells are injected into blastocysts,
which is an early stage of development.
The injected ES cells become part of the
animal and the animal becomes a mixture
of transgenic and original cells.
Help of a Retrovirus:
• A retrovirus is a virus that can insert itself
into a host’s chromosomes.
• This virus is inserted into the cells.
• The animals that contain the virus must
breed to produce a transgenic animal.
Why are (they)transgenic
animals being made?
• Transgenic animals are being made to
help economic traits, be used as disease
models, and help in medical research.
Economic Traits:
• Scientists created cattle to produce milk
containing certain human proteins which
may help in the treatment of emphysema.
• It also helps in breeding. Farmers can
produce transgenic animals that have the
needed traits for doing a specific job.
Disease Models:
• Scientists are creating animals with
specific human diseases and cancers, so
that they can study the affects it has on
the body. They hope this will help them
find a cure for the different diseases and
cancers.
Medical Research:
• Every year people die because of lack of a
replacement heart, liver, or kidney.
• Transgenic pigs may be able to supply
these organs.
• Research is trying to find a way to remove
a pig protein and replace it with a human
protein.
Collage
on Photostory
Dolly
Pictures to go somewhere in the
project
Credits
• Info from:
– Transgenic Animals by Dag Marcus Eide
– The Virtual Embryo
– Action Bioscience
• Pictures from:
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