Transcript HS_7-6_Intro to Biotechnology Services

INTRODUCTION TO
BIOTECHNOLOGY SERVICES
Written by Melissa Redding
Introduction to Biotechnology Standard
Students will
evaluate career
choices in the field
biotechnology.
What is a Biotechnologist?
www.thefunworks.org
• Biotechnologists - Listed under
Technology
Careers in Biotechnology
• Microbiology
• Toxicology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Genetics
• Forensics
Essential Question
How will
discoveries in
Biotechnology
affect my life?
Microbiology
•
•
•
•
•
Environmental Microbiology
Food Microbiology
Industrial Microbiology
Medical Microbiology
Veterinary Microbiology
Career Information:
U.S. Department of Bureau of Labor Statistics
www.bls.gov
Toxicology
What is it?
The study of the adverse effects of chemicals on
living organisms.
What happened to Michael Jackson?
..\Michael Jackson Toxicology Report video.mp4
Toxicology
Examples of chemicals that may have adverse
effects on living organisms:
• Pesticides
• Poisons
• Drugs, when used inappropriately
• Industrial chemicals
Exploring Toxicology
• Upon completion of this unit,
you will explore and present
information learned about the
careers in the field of
Toxicology.
Toxicology Research – Work in Pairs
Time to Complete Presentation – 2 Days
Research Topics
• What is Toxicology?
• Where Do Toxicologists Work?
Part 1 - Job Market Survey
Part 2 - Research Foundations
Part 3 - Regional Distribution of Jobs
• How Do I Prepare for a Career in Toxicology?
• Colleges Offering Degrees in Toxicology
Research the field of Toxicology
Paired Grouping Assignment
First work in pairs to research questions on your
handout.
REFER TO YOUR PRESENTATION RUBRIC as you
prepare for your presentation.
Toxicology Research Sources
General Information on Toxicology:
Society of Toxicology
http://www.toxicology.org/ai/apt/careerguide.asp
College Search for Toxicology:
Google
www.google.com
Biomedical Engineering
Describe computer applications and
biomedical devices in healthcare.
1. DEKA arm video
..\DEKA robotic arm video 1.mp4
2. Research Engineering Company: DEKA
http://www.dekaresearch.com/deka_arm.shtml
Genetics
You will explore the structure of DNA and its
relationship to the cell.
This image is from
http://www.childrensmuseum.org/teachers/unitsofstudy/biotechnology/lesson3.htm
This is a great website for learning about genetics and biotechnology.
THE HUMAN GENOME
DNA Seperation
Activity:
Group Lab Experiment
Separating DNA
Genetic Inheritance of Disease
• You will learn how to create and
interpret a Punnett square and a
pedigree chart showing the
probability of inheriting a genetic
disease.
Who uses a Punnett square or a
pedigree chart?
• Medical Geneticists
• Genetic Counselors
• People are referred to genetic professionals
because of concern about the presence of a
genetic condition in a family member.
• Pedigree analysis helps families understand
the probability of reoccurrence of a
genetically inherited disease.
What is a Punnett square?
A Punnett square is a
mathematical tool displayed as
chart which shows possible
gene combinations occurring
in children of the same
biological parents.
,
Creating a Punnette square for
Mr. and Mrs. Ram’s Family
Mrs. Ram’s genotype contribution
Mr. Ram’s
genotype
contribution
A
A
B
BA
BA
B
BA
BA
Ram
children’s
genotype
possibilities
What is the probability that the Ram’s children
will share the same genotype (the BA genotype)?
ANSWER
• The probability of the Ram
children sharing the same
genotype is 100%.
• All the Ram children have the
BA genotype.
Another way to present genetic information
shown in a Punnett Square
Family Tree
Father
Son
Daughter
Mother
Son
Daughter
THIS CHART IS CALLED A PEDIGREE CHART
Rhonda Ram gets married!
One of the Ram’s children,
Rhonda, has grown up and gotten
married. She and her husband
have four children. Let’s look
back at the Punnett square for
the Ram family.
Creating a Punnette square for
Mr. and Mrs. Ram’s Family
Mrs. Ram’s genotype contribution
Mr. Ram’s
genotype
contribution
A
A
B
BA
BA
B
BA
BA
Ram
children’s
genotype
possibilities
The Ram’s daughter Rhonda
Let’s create a Punnett square for Rhonda’s
family.
• Rhonda’s genotype: BA
• Rhonda’s husbands genotype: AA
Draw the
Punnett
square
grid and
fill Rhonda’s
family
genotypes.
Answer these
questions:
Of Rhonda’s
four children,
what are the
odds of having
children with an
AA genotype?
• What are the
odds of having
children with an
AB genotype?
Punnette Square for Rhonda Ram’s Family
Rhonda’s genotype contribution
Rhonda’s
husband’s
genotype
contribution
B
A
A
AB
AA
A
AB
AA
Rhonda’s
children’s
genotype
possibilities
Of Rhonda’s four children, what are the odds of having children with
an AA genotype?
What are the odds of having children with an AB genotype?
ANSWERS
• The probability of Rhonda’s
children having the AA
genotype is 50%.
• The probability of Rhonda’s
children having the AB
genotype is 50%.
Inheritance of Tongue Rolling Trait
Tongue rolling is a dominant trait - R
Non-tongue rolling is recessive trait – r
Example: Mr. Plankton can roll his tongue and
he has a dominant genotype of RR.
Mrs. Plankton can not roll her tongue and she
has a recessive genotype of rr.
The Planktons plan to have four children.
• Create a Punnett square to predict which of the
Plankton children will be able to roll their
tongues.
The Planktons’ Punnett Square
R
R
r
Rr
Rr
r
Rr
Rr
100% of the
Plankton
children will be
able to
roll their tongues!
Look out Mr.
Krabbs, better
guard those
Krabby patties!
The Squidwards
• Refer to your Probability of
Inheritance Activity Handout.
• Create a Punnett square and
pedigree chart for the
Squidwards.
The Squidward’s Punnet square
The Squidward’s pedigree chart
Father
Mother
Children
The Squidward children will have a 50% chance of
inheriting the disorder and 50% chance being
entirely normal.
The Patricks
• Refer to your Probability of
Inheritance Activity Handout.
• Create a Punnett square and
pedigree chart for the Patricks.
Biomedical Research
• You will analyze the benefits of biomedical
research using internet interactive website
resources.
• What is Biomedical Research?
ACTIVITIES
1. Working in pairs: DNA and Stem Cells “Stem Cell Guy”
2. As a class: Stem Cell Therapies Today
Internet Presentation
INTERNET ASSIGNMENTS
1. Work in Pairs: What is a stem cell?
Stem Cell Assignment: Learn.Genetics. from the
University of Utah
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/ste
mcells/scintro/
2. Review as a class: Stem Therapies
Today Howard Hughes Medical Institute at
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/stemcells/Stem_Cell_Therapies/01.html
Additional ways DNA Identification
may be used
• To exonerate persons wrongly
accused of crimes
• To identify crime and catastrophe
victims
• To identify potential suspects whose
DNA may match evidence left at
crime scenes
FORENSIC MEDICINE
• What is it?
The field of medicine that interprets or
establishes the facts in criminal law cases.
You will evaluate forensic techniques used to
solve a crime.
Activity
• Use DNA identification to help solve a crime.
DNA Detective: Solve the Crime
www.tryscience.org
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/gene/mol_gen.htm
More ways DNA Identification may
used
• Detection of bacteria and other organisms
that may pollute air, water, soil, and food
• Matching of organ donors with recipients in
transplant programs
• Identification of endangered and protected
species as an aid to wildlife officials (could be
used for prosecuting poachers)
• Determine pedigree for seed or livestock
breeds
Forensic Career Research
www.thefunworks.org
• Biotechnologists (listed under Technology)
• Forensics Specialists (listed under
Medicine/Law)
Biotechnology Career Review
Microbiology – Blood typing
HHMI Virtual Lab: Bacteria ID
Toxicology - Problem solving: What happen to Michael?
Biomedical Engineering - DEKA arm: CBS 60 Minutes
Genetics - DNA and the discovery of the Human Genome
Biomedical Research - Stem cells and stem cell research
Forenics - DNA Detective: tryscience.org
Review Essential Question
How will discoveries in
Biotechnology affect
my life?
Share your answers to this Essential
Question.