Transcript Clearcast - New Mexico Vegetation Management Association

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Clearcast® herbicide, a new product from BASF Professional
Vegetation Management (ProVM), provides aquatic and terrestrial
weed control with minimal irrigation restrictions.
Clearcast is highly selective – controlling target weeds, leaving
desirables unaffected, making it ideal for aquatic areas used for fishing
and other recreation activities.
History and Development
• Clearcast is part of the imidazolinone family of chemistry;
discovered in 1969.
• Imazamox, the active ingredient in Clearcast, was first approved for
use in 1997 on soybeans and is currently used on 15 different crops
on a global basis.
• In 2003 imazamox received an exemption from tolerance
designation from the US EPA, resulting in the waiving of food
residue tolerance requirements for all potential food or feed uses of
imazamox. It is the only organic herbicide that is exempt from all
tolerances.
• BASF has conducted its aquatic research in conjunction with
University Cooperators, US Army Corp of Engineers and
consultants.
• Excellent results have been achieved with foliar treatments on
floating and emergent species.
Clearcast Herbicide Formulation
•
Clearcast is a liquid (water based) formulation containing 1.0 pound
of active ingredient per gallon of product
•
Clearcast does not contain a surfactant
• Foliar applications require the addition of an appropriate adjuvant
for aquatic sites
•
Clearcast is non-volatile and does not contain any petroleum
solvents
Clearcast Application Flexibility
• No restrictions on fishing, swimming, drinking, and no live stock
watering restriction
• No irrigation restrictions when residues fall below 50 ppb
• Labeled for use on golf course irrigation ponds*
*
See label for specific irrigation restrictions
Irrigation Restrictions
• DO NOT use any Clearcasttreated waters from still or
quiescent sources for
irrigation purposes less
than 24 hours after
Clearcast application is
completed.
• Waters receiving Clearcast
either as a water treatment
or as a foliar treatment on
emergent/floating plants
may be used for irrigation
as long as concentrations
are ≤ 50 ppb.
• Still and quiescent waters with
an average depth of four (4) or
more feet receiving a foliar
application of Clearcast (≤ 2
quarts per acre) to
emergent/floating vegetation
may be used for irrigation on
allowable sites 24 hours after
application is completed.
• There are no irrigation
restrictions on allowable sites
for the use of treated water
from flowing waters, such as
irrigation canals with an
average depth of four (4) or
more feet, receiving a foliar
application of Clearcast (≤ 2
quarts per acre) to
emergent/floating vegetation.
Clearcast Application Tips
• Good coverage is important for optimal control
• Surfactant is always required for emergent and floating species
• For best results, use a MSO or MSO/silicone blend
• Applications can be made around desirable hardwood vegetation
Spray Adjuvants
•
The following types of spray adjuvants are recommended for use with
Clearcast for emergent treatments:
Non-ionic
Modified seed oil
Vegetable oil concentrates
Silicone based surfactants
Invert emulsions
•
Always use an adjuvant that is appropriate for aquatic use
Mode of Action
•
Clearcast inhibits a plant specific enzyme (AHAS) that is essential to
the production of three amino acids.
•
Sensitive plants stop growing within 24 hours after treatment and then
slowly senesce as food and energy reserves are exhausted. Speed of
senescence will vary with plant size and growth habit.
•
Clearcast is quickly absorbed by plant foliage and translocated
throughout the plant where it concentrates in the actively growing
portions of roots and shoots. This characteristic enhances the long term
control of many perennial plant species.
•
•
For foliar applications Clearcast is rainfast within one hour.
Clearcast is taken up by plant roots in terrestrial settings. Root uptake
in aquatic settings is likely to be less significant because of the
significant water solubility.
Mammalian Toxicology
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•
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Clearcast herbicide has a very favorable toxicological profile and
product labeling carries a CAUTION signal word
Acute mammalian (human) toxicity via oral, dermal, eye and inhalation
routes of entry are all EPA category III-IV, the lowest level of concern
Based on the results of EPA required testing, Clearcast is not
expected to cause any adverse chronic affects in mammals
Clearcast is not a carcinogen, terratogen, mutagen nor is it an
endocrine disruptor
Ecotoxicology
•
•
Clearcast has a very favorable ecotoxicology profile
Based on the battery of studies performed to achieve EPA
registration, Clearcast is not expected to have an adverse acute or
chronic effect on birds, fish, mammals, insects, mollusks or
crustaceans
Ecotoxicology
Species/Test
LC50/LD50
NOEC/NOEL
>5572 ppm
5572 ppm
>1950 mg/kg
1950 mg/kg
>5572 ppm
5572 ppm
14-day dietary
>1846 mg/kg
1846 mg/kg
Honey bee contact
>25 mg/bee
25 mg/bee
Mallard duck
8-day dietary
14-day dietary
Bobwhite quail
8-day dietary
Species/Test
LC50
NOEC
>119 ppm
119 ppm
>122 ppm
122 ppm
>122 ppm
122 ppm
Bluegill sunfish
96h flow-through
Rainbow trout
96h flow-through
Daphnia
96h flow-through
Environmental FateWater and Sediment/Soil
Water:
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The primary means of dissipation in water is via dilution and
photolytic breakdown
Photolytic breakdown in water results in a 10 to 14 day half life
Photolytic half life will vary based on water clarity, depth,
vegetative cover and light intensity
Clearcast herbicide does not bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms
Sediment/Soil:
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Clearcast herbicide does not partition into or accumulate in the
hydrosoil/sediment
Under aerobic soil conditions (terrestrial), Clearcast is degraded
by soil microorganisms
The half life of Clearcast in soil is approximately 12-days,
depending on environmental and soil conditions
Floating, emergent, and shoreline
weeds and brush
•Water hyacinth
•Frogbit
•Water shield
•Water lily
•Alligator weed
•Primrose
•Common salvinia
•Lotus
•Parrotfeather
•Water four leaf clover
•Pennywort
•Pickerelweed
•Smartweed
•Spatterdock
•Sagittaria
•Cattail
•Phragmites
•Giant reed- arundo
•Chinese tallowtree
•Brazilian pepper tree
Shoreline
Purple Loosestrife
9 months after treatment – 32 oz/A
Control
Cattail
9 months after treatment - 32 oz/A
Cattail control
1 year after treatment - 32 oz/A
Cattail control
30 days after treatment - 32 oz/A
Phragmites Control
1 year after treatment - 64oz/A + 1% MSO
Arundo 0.5% + 1% MSO
9 months after treatment
Selective Chinese Tallowtree
and Phragmites Control
Aerial application of Clearcast
applied over the top of desirable
hardwoods.
Selective Chinese Tallowtree Control
Trees shown to be tolerant to Clearcast
• Red Mulberry - Morus rubra
• Sugarberry - Celtis laevigata
• Salt bush, Groundsel-tree –
Baccharis halimifolia
• Bald Cypress - Taxodium
distichum
• Wax Myrtle – Myrica cerifera
• Elm Species – Ulmus spp.
• Loblolly Pine - Pinus taeda
• Chinaberry tree - Melia
azedarach
• Southern Red Cedar Juniperus silicicola
• Black Willow - Salix nigra
• Live Oak - Quercus virginiana
Species listed are results from research conducted by Jack Whetstone, Clemson University
Cypress Screening (LSU Sanders)
Study conducted by Dr. Dearl Sanders at Louisiana State University shows
the tolerance of foliar applied Clearcast to cypress seedlings from rates
ranging from 64oz/A to 4oz/A.
64
32
24
16
8
4
0
Floating and Emergent
Weeds
Water Hyacinth
6 weeks after treatment
Untreated
Clearcast 16oz/A
Water Hyacinth
4 weeks after treatment
Cattail, Sedge and Alligatorweed
25 days after treatment - 0.5% v/v
Red maple tolerance at 64oz/A
Cattail, Sedge and Alligatorweed
63 days after treatment - 0.5% v/v
Watershield Before Treatment
Watershield
6 weeks after treatment - 64oz/A
Good Coverage is Critical - surfactant
needed
Spatterdock, Watershield and Waterlily
- 64 oz/A
Waterlily, Spatterdock and Watershield
6 weeks after treatment
Common Salvinia in Louisiana
64 oz/A + MSO/silicone blend 1% v/v
Clearcast Symptoms
Common Salvinia in Louisiana
6 month after treatment
Frogbit, Cattail and Pickerelweed Control
2 months after treatment - 32oz/A
American Pondweed
25 days after treatment
Summary
• Slow acting so no dissolved oxygen concerns
• Only EPA tolerance exempt herbicide
• Labeled for golf course waters
• More consistent control compared to glyphosate alone
• Great tank mix partner with glyphosate
• Good coverage is important for optimal control
• Surfactant is always required for emergent and floating species
• For best results, use a MSO or MSO/silicone blend
• Applications can be made around desirable hardwood vegetation
• Non volatile
What is the difference between Clearcast
and Habitat® herbicide?
• Clearcast is approved for both submerged and foliar applications.
• Clearcast is more selective.
• Clearcast has minimal effect on brush.
• Clearcast can be used in irrigation water with minimal irrigation
limitations.
• Clearcast has a short soil residual.
Questions