Transcript Section 1 powerpoint nutrientsx

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Vocabulary on page 192
In one of the boxes, list 3 reasons why
nutrition is important to your health
(Calculator once you are finished)
Essay: Evaluate your current eating habits.
What are you doing well? What could you do
better? How could this contribute to your
long term health? 7 sentences
BMI handout, Skinfold, and Calculator
Fitness pal project
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Growth and Development
Optimal Performance
Energy
Prevention of sickness and disease
Body Composition
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Hunger: a natural physical drive that protects you
from starvation
Appetite: a desire rather than a need to eat
Emotions
Family
Friends
Advertising
Cost
Location
Culture
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJRpXYs1pQA
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Metabolism: the chemical process by which
your body breaks down food to release
energy (what can raise or lower this?)
Calories: Measurement of the amount of
energy released when nutrients are broken
down. The more energy a food has, the more
calories it has
Page 193- Which would you rather?
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Lesson Essential Question: What are the six
groups of nutrients?
Nutrients: the substances in food that your
body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to
supply you with energy
Can you name any of the six groups?
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Carbohydrates: nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen,
and oxygen that supply energy for bodily functions
Body’s preferred source of energy
4 calories per gram
Simple and Complex
Simple (sugars such as fructose or lactose, found
naturally in fruit or added in foods such as candy
bars)
Complex (Made up of sugars that are linked together
chemically to form long chains)
Starches are one of the main types of carbohydrates
(such as potatoes/grains/many plant foods)
Body must break down complex carbohydrates into
simple carbs before it can use them
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Converted into glucose (simple sugar that is
the main source of the body’s energy)
Glucose not used away is stored in your body
and muscles as glycogen. It is converted
back to glucose when more energy is needed.
If you take in more carbs then your body can
use or store as glycogen, then body converts
and stores excess carbs as fat
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Proteins: nutrients that help build and maintain body
cells and tissues (growth and repair of body tissues)
Made up of long chains of amino acids
The body breaks up these amino acids and reforms
them into desired proteins
Body can manufacture up to 11 out of the 20
different amino acids that make up proteins.
Essential amino acids: the 9 amino acids that your
body can’t make (must get them from food you eat)
Complete proteins: Contain adequate amounts of all
nine essential acids (egg, milk, cheese, fish)
Incomplete proteins: lack one or more of the
essential amino acids (beans, peas, nuts)
Muscle fiber explanation/tornado example
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Fats: oily substance found in food that
doesn’t dissolve in water (also made of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but different
proportions)
Supply body with energy, form cells, maintain
body temperature, protect nerves, necessary
for growth and healthy skin
Provide more than twice the energy of
proteins or carbs (9 calories per gram)
Add flavor and texture to foods
No more than 20-30 percent of caloric intake
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Saturated: usually solid at room temperature and
hold all the hydrogen atoms that it possibly can
Unsatruated: Usually liquid at room temperature
and have at least one place where hydrogen can
be added to the molecule
Transfat: Making unsaturated fats into saturated
fats through hydrogenation
No nutritional value, increases LDL and decreases
HDL, increases risk of heart disease
(increases shelf life and is in commercial food
products)
Should we ban it like Denmark, Australia,
Switzerland?
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Help the body with essential functions and
assist in many chemical reactions
Made by living things
They do not provide you with a direct source
of energy
Two classes (fat soluble and water soluble)
depends on what the vitamin dissolves in
Fat soluble vitamins can be stored by the
body
Water soluble vitamins can not, so it’s
important to eat them everyday
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Occur naturally in rocks and soil
Essential for bodily processes and function
Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Sodium,
Chlorine, Potassium are all examples of
minerals
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About 65% of your body weight is water
Not a main energy source but it is ESSENTIAL
for all life processes including the production
of energy
Primary component of blood and tissue
Carries waste products out of the body
Helps digest food
Keeps body strong
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Woman
10-12%
Athletes 14-20%
Fitness 21-24%
Acceptable 25-31%
Obese 32% plus
Men
2-4%
6-13%
14-17%
18-25%
26% plus