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EARLY CINEMA
• Early city films
• Issues of narrativity and fiction
• Issues of perspective and depth
TOM GUNNING
Professor of art history and
cinema and media studies at
the University of Chicago
LUMIERE BROTHERS
(AUGUSTE & LOUIS)
They were the sons of a successful
French painter and photographic
equipment manufacturer.
They patented the
‘cinematography’ which in
contrast to Edison’s kinetoscope
allowed simultaneous viewing by
multiple parties.
Aıtken, I. , 2006, Encyclopedia of the Documentary Film. Routledge: New York
Kinetoscope By Thomas Edison
Cinematograph By Lumiere Brothers
WORKERS LEAVING THE LUMIERE FACTORY IN LYON
SORTIE DES U’SINES LUMIERE
(1895)
• The first documentary type film,
• The first motion picture film,
• 46 seconds long continuous shot that was taken from a single
fixed position.
•
A Narrative Story:
Beginning: opening of the gate
End: closing of the gate
EARLY FICTION FILMS
• The Waterer Watered (1985) By Louis Lumiere
• Relationship between history of the early cinema and
history of the fiction films
GEORGES MELIES (1861-1938)
An early cineast who was born
in Paris in 1861.
When the Lumière brothers
unveiled their Cinématographe
to the public on December 28
1895 Méliès was a member of
the audience. What he
witnessed clearly had a
profound effect upon him.
After the show he approached
the Lumière Brothers with a
view to buying their machine they turned him down.
ISSUES OF PERSPECTIVE AND
FRAMING
• Renaissance Perspective, Photography and Cinema
• The scenes below shows how director used framing
technique in outside.
Bibliography:
• Penz, S., & Thomas, M. (2003). Architectures of Illusion. Cambridge:
Intellect.
•
Aıtken, I. , 2006, Encyclopedia of the Documentary Film. Routledge: New York
•
http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/melies_bio.html