Transcript Renal2
30 November 2011 Renal Physiology Announcements: Test # 3 Monday Dec 5th: CV, Respiratory & part of Renal Feedback on Hemorrhage Diagrams: TAs and Schedule Lab This Week: Respiration Case Studies & Spirometry. Save paper: don’t print out lab materials. Bring textbook and calculator to lab. 1QQ 32 for 8:30 1. What evidence indicates that the abrupt increase in ventilation at the onset of exercise is not the result of negative feedback? 2. Why is the negative feedback system more sensitive to changes in PaCO2 than PaO2? 3. How is it that hyperventilating immediately before diving allows a pearl diver to hold his breath for a longer interval that he would otherwise be able to? 1QQ 32 for 9:30 1. What evidence indicates that the abrupt increase in ventilation at the cessation of exercise is not the result of negative feedback? 2. Why is the negative feedback system more sensitive to changes in PaCO2 than PaO2? 3. If a normal healthy resting person is breathing ambient air at sea level and suddenly increases minute ventilation from 7 L/ min to 10 L/min, what would happen to their PaCO2 and PaO2? Special terms • Filtration: movement of fluid from blood into the lumen of the nephron • Reabsorption: the movement of specific compounds from the lumen back into the blood (peritubular capillaries) • Secretion: the transport of specific compounds from blood into the lumen • Excretion: elimination from the body in urine Kidneys are source of 3 hormones: Renin, EPO, and Vit D. Kidneys are targets of 3 hormones: ADH, Aldosterone, ANH S 15 Nephron = tubule Tubular fluid vs urine Topics discussed: cortex, medulla, kidney stones, micturition (detrussor, internal and external urethra sphincters and innervation), incidence of bladder infections by gender, urethral sphincters Renal artery = One way in. Two ways out of kidney (renal vein or ureter) S 16 Zoom in on next slide S 19 Juxtamedullary and Cortical Nephrons Fig. 14.02a Renal corpuscle Peritubular Capillaraies and branches called vasa recta Fig. 14.05 UF in BS BC TF Three stimuli for secretion of renin from JGC 1) 2) 3) Fig. 14.03b Ultrafiltrate of plasma enters Bowman’s Figure space 14.03 Composition same as plasma except no formed elements and very few proteins and no substances bound to proteins EA Starling Fig. 14.08 Forces Glomerular Filtration Rate is 180 L/day =120 ml/min AA Regulated Variable that establishes GFR What substances can cause this constriction? Regulating GFR Fig. 14.09 Which happens during hemorrhage? Which happens during overhydration? Fig. 14.02a Membrane proteins are segregated into apical (luminal) and basolateral membranes. Figure 14.10 reabsorption secretion Amino acid metabolism glucose