Transcript Concepts of Athletic Training

Therapeutic Modalities
PE 236
Juan Cuevas, ATC
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Using Therapeutic Modalities
 Incorporated into ______________
program as adjuncts to exercise
 ________________ and thermotherapy
 Ultrasound and electrical stimulation
 ___________ and traction
 Require special instruction and
supervised clinical experience
 In absence of ________ coach may
opt for simple modalities within
scope of expertise
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Cryotherapy / Cold Therapy
 ________ Relief
–
–
–
–
–
A decreased nerve transmission in ___________
Cold reduces the activity of free ___________
Cold raises the pain threshold
Cold causes a release of endorphins
Cold sensations over-ride the pain sensation - known as the
_______________________
 Stops Bleeding and _____________
– By cooling the surface of the skin and underlying tissues, ice
causes the narrowing of blood vessels, a process known as
________________
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Cryotherapy / Cold Therapy
 Reduces Muscle ___________
– Muscle spasm is often a response to ______
 Decreases Metabolic Rate
– By reducing the cells metabolic rate, ice reduces the
cells ________ requirements. Thus when blood flow
has been limited by vasoconstriction then the risk of
cell death due to oxygen demands (secondary
________) will be lessened.
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Cryotherapy / Cold Therapy


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
_________Ice Cups (7-10 minutes)
Ice bath (__________ degrees F)
GameReady
– Recommended 20 minutes every 1-2 hours
– For the first 48-72hrs post injury
 ___________
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Thermotherapy
 Used post-_______ (after swelling stops)
– Increase blood flow (___________________)
– Facilitate reabsorption of injury by-products
 Useful as analgesic and for relaxation
effects
 Be careful not to use too soon in healing
process
– Cold should be used for first _____ hours post injury
 Reduces Muscle __________
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Thermotherapy
 Moist heat packs
 Hot ___________
 Continuous ultrasound
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 Moist heat packs (hydrocollator
packs)
– Silicate gel in cotton pads
– Maintained in thermostatically controlled hot
water (___________)
– Retain water and relatively constant heat for
20-30 minutes
– Requires the use of 6 layers of toweling to
avoid burning patient
– Athlete should _______ on top of pack
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Electrical Stimulation
 __________
–
–
–
–
Interferential current
Pain control
Over stimulation of ____________
Gate Mechanism of Pain Control
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Electrical Stimulation
 ___________
– Muscle re-education
 Contract / relax
– Post __________
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Massage
 Systematic manipulation of ____________
of the body
 Involves __________, compressing,
stretching, percussing, and vibrating
– Produce specific responses in athlete
 Causes mechanical, physiological, and
psychological _________________
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 Uses:
–
–
–
–
Encourage _____ drainage
Stretch superficial ______ tissue
Stretch connective tissue (friction massage)
Increase ______ – due to increased metabolism
 Helps to remove lactic acid or edema
 Assist normal venous blood return to heart
– ________________
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Importance of the Healing
Process Following Injury
 There is a sequence and time frame for
various _________ of the healing process
 Interference with healing process will
delay return to full activity
 Work to create optimal healing
_________________
– Little can be done to speed the process, while much
can be done to ___________
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 ____________________ Response Phase
– Begins immediately following injury – critically
important
 Without the inflammatory phase the other
phases will ______________
– Chemical mediators are released to facilitate
______________
– Symptomatically presents with the following
 Redness, ____________, warmth, tenderness and
loss/disordered ___________
– Stage lasts 2-4 days following injury
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 _________________ Repair Phase
– Proliferative and regenerative activity occurs
resulting in ________ formation (fibroplasia)
 Occurs within initial hours of injury and
continues up to _____________
– S&S of inflammatory phase subside
 Athlete will _______ experience some
tenderness and pain with motion
 With increasing development of the scar,
complaints of pain and tenderness will
_____________
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 __________________-Remodeling Phase
– _________--term process
– Re-alignment of scar tissue according to tensile forces
acting on tissue
 Re-align to position of maximum efficiency (parallel
to lines of tension)
– Tissue gradually resumes normal ____________ and
function
– After 3 weeks
 Firm, strong, contracted, nonvascular scar exists
– Maturation may take several ________ to be totally
complete
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