Transcript Unit 3

Chapter 5
Oxygen Uptake, Oxygen Deficit and Oxygen Debit
Text Sources
1.
Nelson Physical
Education VCE Units
3&4: 4th Edition –
Malpeli, Horton, Davey
and Telford 2006.
2. Live It Up 2: 2nd Edition –
Smyth, Brown, Judge,
McCallum and Pritchard
2006.
VCE Physical Education - Unit 3
Body Systems Revision
Oxygen Uptake, Oxygen Deficit and Oxygen Debit
Body Systems - Respiratory
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Body Systems - Circulatory
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Body Systems - Muscular
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Muscle Structure Overview
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Oxygen Uptake
Oxygen Uptake, Oxygen Deficit and Oxygen Debit
Oxygen Uptake
Intake – Inspiration of atmospheric oxygen
via pulmonary ventilation.
 Transport – Oxygen is diffused from the
lungs into the blood and is pumped to the
body via the circulatory system.
 Uptake – Skeletal muscle diffuses the
oxygen into its cells with assistance from
myoglobin.
 Consumption – Occurs in the muscle cell by
the mitochondria.
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
Delivery of Oxygen to the Working Muscles
The respiratory system is responsible for the extraction of oxygen
from the atmosphere. This process is called ventilation.
 Diffusion – Exchange of gases based on concentration levels
(High to low). Occurs at a cellular level (In the lungs and in the
muscle cell)
 Cardiac output (Heart rate x stroke volume) - The heart pumps
out oxygenated blood to the vascular system.
 Oxygen combines with haemoglobin in the
blood
 Myoglobin, in the muscle attracts the oxygen
from the blood and draws it into the mitochondria.
 Waste produces of aerobic metabolism is
removed from the muscle cell via diffusion.
See fig 5.2 p.119

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Oxygen Uptake
Limiting factors to oxygen uptake;
 Respiratory system – ability to take in oxygen
 Cardiovascular system – ability to transport
and deliver oxygen
 Muscular system – Utilisation of oxygen
 Type of exercise performed, genetic
inheritance, lifestyle, age and gender.
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Limitations to VO2 Max
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Oxygen Uptake - Sports
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Heart Rate and Oxygen consumption
When exercising;
 Our heart rate increases to meet
the oxygen demands for the
working muscles.
 The relationship between HR
and oxygen consumption is
linear.
 Trained athletes are able to
utilise their oxygen uptake more
efficiently than non trained
people.
See fig 5.3 p.119
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Heart Rate and Intensity
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Checkpoints

Complete questions 1-4 page 119 of Nelson
Physical Education VCE Units 3 & 4.
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Oxygen Deficit
Oxygen Uptake, Oxygen Deficit and Oxygen Debit
Oxygen Deficit
Oxygen deficit occurs
when the demand for
oxygen exceeds the
supply of oxygen
available.
The body therefore needs
to obtain ATP through
anaerobic pathways.
Short duration/high
intensity – Lactic acid is
produced but is
removed once oxygen
demands are met.
Performance is hindered due
to the presence of lactic
acid
Once oxygen demands are
met, the body reaches its
steady state.
Aerobic glycolysis assists in
the removal of lactic acid.
VCE Physical Education - Unit 3
Oxygen Consumption
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Checkpoints

Complete questions 1-4 page 120 of
Nelson Physical Education VCE Units 3 &
4.
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Acute Responses
Oxygen Uptake, Oxygen Deficit and Oxygen Debit
Acute Responses
Acute responses occur to
supply extra oxygen and
nutrients to support ATP
production.
Acute responses include;
 Reduction in creatine
stores
 Accumulation of lactic acid
 Increase in epinephrine
(Regulates BP and O2
consumption levels)
Reduction in glycogen
stores
 Increase in muscle
temperature
 Increase in cardiac output
 Redistribution of blood to
working muscles.
Responses are dependent
on intensity, duration,
fitness levels and type of
activity used.

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Acute Responses
Acute responses to
exercise. Increase in;
 Oxygen intake
 Transport of oxygen
 Extraction of oxygen from
the blood
 Consumption of oxygen by
working muscles
 Continues until maximum
uptake is met (VO2 max)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/
humanbody/body/ VCE Physical Education - Unit 3
Checkpoints

Complete questions 1-3 page 122 of Nelson
Physical Education VCE Units 3 & 4.
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Oxygen Debt
Oxygen Uptake, Oxygen Deficit and Oxygen Debit
Oxygen Debit
After exercise our demand
for ATP decreases but
we still need to ‘repay’
the oxygen needed
during exercise.
This is why we puff after
intense activities.
The higher the intensity
and duration of
activities, the longer the
oxygen debit.
VCE Physical Education - Unit 3
EPOC
Another term used for oxygen recovery is EPOC – excess post-exercise
oxygen consumption.
Alactacid Debt – Oxygen used to restore ATP and PC stores
Lactacid Debt - Oxygen used to remove lactic acid from cells/blood.
Additional oxygen is used to recover the energy systems.
EPOC
Fast Replenishment
(0  3 minutes)
Slow Replenishment
(0 minutes  hours)
ATP resynthesis
Return core temperature to pre-exercise
levels
PC resynthesis
LA converted to CO2 & H2O
Absorption of H+ ions (buffering)
Restore oxygen to myoglobin
LA converted to glycogen, protein &
glucose
Restoring heart rate, ventilation & other
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- Unit systems
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to pre-exercise levels
Coursework 5.1 and 5.2

Complete the data analysis tasks on page
124 and 125 of Nelson Physical Education
VCE Units 3 & 4.
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Checkpoints

Complete questions 1-3 page 127 of Nelson
Physical Education VCE Units 3 & 4.
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Test Your Knowledge

Complete the review questions 1-4 page
128-9 of Nelson Physical Education VCE
Units 3 & 4.
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Peak Performance

Complete the chapter questions on page 2939 of Nelson Peak Performance Physical
Education VCE Units 3 & 4.
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PHYS ED Notes

Read the summarised information of pages
47-53 of PHYS ED Notes and complete the
revision questions.
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VCAA Questions
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VCAA Questions - 2006
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Web Links – Chapter 5
•Interactive body and mind tests from the BBC UK:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody
•Human anatomy: http://www.innerbody.com
•Information about the body and anatomy – Virtual Body:
http://www.ehc.com/vbody.asp
•Article – Oxygen Deficit: A Measure of Anaerobic Capacity:
http://www.faccioni.com/Reviews/oxygendeficit.htm
•Information on the transport of oxygen in the blood, from the Australasian Society
of Cardio-Vascular Perfusionists:
http://www.perfusion.com.au/CCP/Physiology/Oxygen and carbon dioxide
transport.htm
•Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma – A primer on maximum
oxygen consumption: http://www.nismat.org/physcor/max_o2.html
•Australian Sports Commission: http://www.ausport.gov.au
•Sports Coach UK: http://www.brianmac.demon.co.uk
•Australian Sports Commission: http://www.ausport.gov.au
•Find 30 promotion (Government of WA Department of Health): http://www.find30.com.au
•Walking School Bus promotion (UK): http://www.walkingbus.com
•Ministry of Health (New Zealand) toolkits: http://www.newhealth.govt.nz
•The 10,000 Steps Rockhampton project: http://www.10000steps.org.au/rockhampton/
•Travelsmart Australia: http://www.travelsmart.gov.au
•World Health Organisation: http://www.who.int
•Heart Foundation Australia: http://www.heartfoundation.com.au
•VicHealth (The Victorian Health Promotion Foundation): http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au
•Be Active promotion (Government of South Australia): http://www.beactive.com.au
•Go For Your Life: http://www.goforyourlife.vic.gov.au
•Physical Activity Resources for Health Professionals – Introduction (Centre for disease control and prevention – USA):
http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/health_professionals/index.htm
•Health Promotion (Public Health Agency of Canada): http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/hp-ps/index.html
•Strategic Inter-Governmental Forum on Physical Activity and Health (SIGPAH): http://www.nphp.gov.au/workprog/sigpah/
•Healthy youth (Centre for disease control and prevention (USA): http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/
•America On The Move promotion: http://www.americaonthemove.org
•Papers from the International Journal of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity: http://www.ijbnpa.org/home
•Department of health and aging (Australian government): http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wcms/publishing.nsf/content/home
•Building a healthy, active Australia (Australian government): http://www.healthyactive.gov.au
•National Public Health Partnership: http://www.nphp.gov.au
•Be Active promotion (Government of South Australia): http://www.beactive.com.au
•Sport and Recreation Australia: http://www.sport.vic.gov.au
VCE Physical Education - Unit 3