Transcript have rectal glands to rid themselves of salt *Marine Bony Fish

Morgan Good
* Amino Acids- broken down becomes
fats/carbohydrates
* Ammonia- formed when amino group removed.
-excreted by fish & other aquatic animals
* Uric Acid- excreted by insects, reptiles & birds
-not very toxic
*Carrier molecules- take up CO2 & NH4, releasing urea.
Aquatic
Terrestrial
*Cartilaginous Fish
-have rectal glands to rid
themselves of salt
* Kangaroo Rat
-fur prevents water loss to air
-gains water from cellular
respiration, so it never drinks
*Marine Bony Fish
-Actively transport salt from
body through gills
* Freshwater Bony Fish
-Actively transport salt into
their blood through gills
*Seagulls, Reptiles & Mammals
-Seagulls & reptiles have salt
glands to pump out salt
-The gland is controlled by the
nervous system
* Planarians- two branching strands
-open to the outside of body
-Flame cell- have beating cilia
-push fluid through
* Earthworms- each segment has two nephridia
-tube with ciliated opening
-cilia push fluid through
* Insects-have Malpighian
-long thin tubules attached to gut
*Uric acid is transported into Malpighian
* Crustaceans- nitrogenous waste removed by diffusion
-have excretory organs called green glands
* Shrimp & pill bugs- have maxillary glands
* Arachnids- have coxal glands
-located on apendages
Green Gland
Maxillary Gland
Coxal Gland
* Important parts
-Kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, & urethra
* Kidney- reddish-brown, bean shaped, fist sized
-Located on either side of vertebral column
-Still partially protected by ribcage
*Ureter- duct that takes urine from kidney to bladder
* Urinary Bladder- stores urine
* Urethra- tube that excretes urine.
* Three major parts: The renal cortex, the renal medulla
& the renal pelvis
* Renal cortex-outside of kidney
* Renal medulla- 6-10 cone-shaped renal pyramids
-lie on inner side of renal cortex
* Renal pelvis- hollow chamber
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXfvLmJ40HA
Kidney
Kidney
Structure
* Basic unit of kidney
-over 1 million per kidney
* Removes waste & water
* Each nephron has it’s own blood supply
* Primarily in renal cortex but some go down to renal
medulla
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vEXx5YLcGmQ
* Kidney stones- can fill whole renal pelvis, causing
much pain when passed
* Gout- accumulation of more than normal levels of uric
acid. Causes pain & deformation
* Nephritis- Damages & closes the microscopic filters in
the kidney
Kidney
Stones
* Regulates: sodium, fluid, blood pressure
-secretes renin
* Plasma Gobulin  angiotensin aldosterone
-angiotensin: poylpeptides control arterial pressure
-aldosterone: steroid controls salt & water
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/renin-angiotensin-aldosterone+system
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/angiotensin
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aldosterone
http://physicianjobster.com/internist/endocrinologist-internist/renin-angiotensin-aldosteron-systemdiagram-in-fluid-homeostasis/
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nephron
http://www.caring4urology.com/go/urology/basics/kidney-illustration.htm
http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/anat2/notes/APIINotes3%20urinary%20anatomy.htm
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio105/kidney.htm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vEXx5YLcGmQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXfvLmJ40HA
http://kidneystonespictures.com/painful-kidney-stones.jpg
http://images.paraorkut.com/img/health/images/g/gout-39.jpg
http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/e/excretory_system.htm
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio105/kidney.htm