Transcript PowerPoint Presentation - Nova-Pack 2008

The World of Bioplastics
Dr. Jim Lunt
Biobased & Biodegradable
Biobased Plastics
Major focus is on the “origin of life”
or where did the carbon come from
(ASTM D6866). Uses C14 content measurement.
Biodegradable (Compostable) Plastics
Focus is on “end of life or disposal.”
Independent of Carbon Source Standards
EN 13432 and ASTM D6400.
These two classes are, however,
not mutually exclusive.
Projected Biomaterials Trends
Projected Biomaterials Trends
Global
Demand
for bioplastics will
increase more than
fourfold to
900,000
tonnes in
2013.
(Freedonia)
Projected Biomaterials Trends
Global
Demand
for bioplastics will
increase more than
fourfold to
900,000
tonnes in
2013.
(Freedonia)
Global
Production
of bioplastics will
increase sixfold to
1.5
million
tonnes
by 2011.
up from 262,000
tonnes in 2007.
(European
Bioplastics)
Projected Biomaterials Trends
Global
Demand
for bioplastics will
increase more than
fourfold to
900,000
metric tons
in 2013.
(Freedonia)
Global
Production
of bioplastics will
increase sixfold to
1.5
million
tonnes
by 2011.
up from 262,000
tonnes in 2007.
(European
Bioplastics)
Production
Capacity
of bio-based
plastics is projected
to increase from
360,000 tonnes
in 2007 to about
2.3
MILLION
tonnes
by 2013.
(European
Bioplastics)
Projected Biomaterials Trends
Increasing demand for biobased, durable products
in electronics and automotive applications.
By 2011 durables are expected to account
for almost 40% of bioplastics –
compared with 12% today.
(European Bioplastics)
Projected Biomaterials Trends
Bioplastics will still only be
1% of the approximate 230 million tonnes
of plastics in use today.
What is Driving
this Growth?
Oil Independence
Environmental
Pollution
Global Warming
Human Health
Concerns
Legislation
Legislation Against Petroleum Based Plastics
Key Legislative Initiatives for Bioplastics
Japan
Government has set a goal that 20% of all plastics
consumed in Japan will be renewably sourced by 2020.
Germany
Ban on land filling solid waste with over 5% organic content.
Biodegradable plastics exempt from the
recycling directive until 2012.
Savings of 1.3 €/kg in favor of compostable bioplastics.
USA
Federal Farm Bill - Energy Title 9
Each Federal agency must design a plan to purchase as
many biobased plastics as practically possible.
Federal procurement plan will be based on biobased
content, price and performance.
The Evolving Biobased Plastics Landscape
Biobased Polymer Capacities
For Major Players
Product
Company
Location
Capacity/mt
Price/#
PLA
Natureworks
USA
140,000
0.85-1.20
PLA
Hisun
China
5,000
1.25
PHA’s
Metabolix
USA
300/50,000
(2010)
2.50-2.75
PHBH
Meridian/Kaneka
USA
150,000?
n/a
PHBV
Tianan
China
2,000
2.40-2.50
Materbi
Novamont
Eu
75,000
2.0-3.0
Cereplast
Cereplast
USA
25,000
1.50-2.50
HDPE/LDPE
/PP
Braskem
SA
200,000
(2010)
0.80-1.00
The Biobased Leaders Today
WHO?
WHAT?
NatureWorks, Hisun
Novamont
Cereplast
Dupont
Tianjin Bio Green /DSM
Tianan Biologic
Metabolix
PLA
Mater-Bi, Origo Bi
Cereplast
BIOMAX (PTT, Plantic)
PHA
PHBV
PHA
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Braskem
Green Polyethylene
Who May Be the
Biobased Leaders Tomorrow?
WHO?
WHAT?
Braskem
Dow/Crystalsev
DuPont
Arkema
BASF
Rohm & Haas
Dow, Cargill
NatureWorks LLC
HDPE, LLDPE, PP
HDPE
PTT; PBT; Nylon 6,12
Nylon 11,Pebax
Nylon 6,10
Acrylics
Soy based urethanes
PLA Blends
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Durable
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Degradable
Novamont
NatureWorks
Metabolix
DSM
Origo Bio
PLA
PHA’s
PHA’S
Why The Change?
Continuing lack of infrastructure for use
and disposal of compostable plastics.
Many biobased plastics players too focused on
compostability as the key differentiating asset.
Increasing demand for biobased, semi durable
and durable products for household goods,
electronics and automotive applications.
Increasing interest and developments in existing
and new monomers from renewable resources.
Key Compostable Bioplastics
Compounded
Biobased Compostable
…………………….……………………………………………………………
Starch/PLA/ECOFLEX
Polylactic Acid (PLA)
O
O
HO
HO
OH
H
CH3
L-Lactic Acid
OH
H3C
H
D-Lactic Acid
(0.5%)
100% Renewable & Compostable
Compostable Bioplastics
Second Generation
Poly Hydroxy Alkanoates
(PHA’s)
Compostable Bioplastics Do Not Yet
Meet the Needs for Durables
Areas of Concern
Hydrolytic stability
Distortion Temp
Vapor Transmission
Shelf Life
PLA
Hydrolytic Stability
Distortion Temp
(amorphous)
Vapor Transmission
Shelf Life
Impact Resistance
Melt Strength
…………………….……………………………..……………
Starch Blends
…………………….……………………………..……………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………
PHA’S
Hydrolytic Stability
Shelf Life
Processability
Melt Strength
Economics
Other Durable Bioplastics
Are Appearing
Polyethylene from Sugar Cane
Nylon 6 from Lycine
PET from Sugar
Polyurethane Using Soy Based Alcohols
Increasing Synergism with the Biofuels Initiatives
Next Generation of
Bioplastic “Building Blocks"
Monomers from Sugar / Cellulosic Biomass
…………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………….
Succinic acid (DSM, Bioamber, Roquette, Mitsubishi Chemical)
3-hydroxy propionic acid (Cargill, Codexis)
Acrylic acid (Ceres, Rohm & Haas)
Aspartic acid (China)
Levulinic acid (China)
Sorbitol (Cargill, ADM, Roquette)
Ethylene/ethylene glycol (Braskem, India Glycols)
Propylene/propane 1,3 diol (Braskem, DuPont / Tate & Lyle)
Butylene/butane diol (Genomatica)
Lysine/caprolactam (Draths)
Terephthalic acid (Gevo)
Adipic acid
Isoprene (Goodyear, Genenco)
FDCA- Avantium
Next Generation of
Bioplastic “Building Blocks"
Monomers / Intermediates from Vegetable Oils
……………...………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………….
Glycerol
Acrylic acid (Arkema)
Propane, 1,2 diol (ADM)
Soy based polyols (Dow, Cargill)
Castor oil / 12 hydroxy stearic acid (India)
Amino undecanoic acid (Atofina)
The Future For Bioplastics
Will Depend On…
Expanding from Single Use Compostable
to Durable Applications
Transitioning from Oil Based to Renewable Feedstocks
Addressing Issues –
Sociological, Environmental & Political
Composting/Recycling Infrastructure Developments
Thank You