Transcript Protein PPT Editted

What nutrient is found in all of
these foods?
PROTEIN
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Comprised of 20 different amino acids
Your body can make 11 of these amino
acids
There are 9 essential amino acids that
must be provided from your diet
Aside from the protein found in animal
sources…protein can also be found in fruits,
vegetables, grains, and nuts. (it just does not
have as many amino acids)
Functions of Protein
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Build and maintain tissues
Protein makes up 18%-20% of your
body
Makes important compounds such as
enzymes, hormones and antibodies
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Regulates mineral and fluid balance
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Helps carry sodium and potassium
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Maintains acid-base balance in the blood
Carries vital substances (combines with
fat to form lipoproteins, transport of iron
and other nutrients and oxygen in the
blood
Provides energy as a last resort if the
body can’t get energy from carbs and fat
or if there is too much protein in the diet
Protein provides 4 calories per gram
Types of Protein
Complete Protein
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Contains all the essential
proteins required by
humans
Most are found from animal
sources
For example, lamb, beef
Quinoa is complete protein
that is a grain
Incomplete Protein
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Are missing one or
more of the essential
amino acids
Comes from plant
sources
For example, lettuce,
nuts
Complementary Protein
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Two or more incomplete protein sources
are combined to provide all of the 9
essential amino acids
For example, peanut butter sandwich
Protein in the Body
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When you eat protein food, stomach acid
denatures (unravels) the proteins so that
enzymes can break proteins into smaller
pieces
Smaller pieces are broken into amino
acids in the small intestine and are
absorbed into the bloodstream where
they are sent to the cells that need them
Meeting your Protein Needs
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Body does not store protein, therefore needed
everyday
Many consume more protein than really
needed
About 12% to 15% of daily energy should
come from protein
Protein-energy Malnutrition
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PEM
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Potentially fatal body-depletion disorder
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Leading cause of death of children in
developing countries
Also referred to as protein-calorie
malnutrition
Types of PEM
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Primary PEM results from a diet that lacks
sufficient sources of protein and/or energy
Secondary PEM
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More common in the U.S.
Usually occurs as a complication of AIDS,
cancer , chronic kidney failure, inflammatory
bowel disease and other illnesses that impair
absorption of nutrients
Kwashiorkor
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Also called wet protein-energy malnutrition
Usually appears at the age of about 12 months
when breastfeeding is discontinued
Causes fluid retention, dry peeling skin and
hair discoloration
Mental retardation can also
occur
Marasmus
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Caused by energy deficiency
Characterized by stunted
growth and wasting of muscle
and tissue
Develops between the ages of
6 months and one year in
children who have been
weaned from breast mild and
who suffer from weakening
conditions like chronic diarrhea