Transcript Role and Deficiency Symptoms of Secondary nutrients in Banana

Dr. V. Valluvaparidasan
Director, Open and Distance Learning
TNAU, Coimbatore
1. Title
Role and Deficiency symptoms of secondary
nutrients in Banana
2. Date
25.03.2011
3. Objective
To learn about the deficiency symptoms and
role of secondary nutrients viz., calcium,
magnesium and sulpur in banana crop
4. Target Group
Farmers / Extension Workers / Educators /
Students
5. Description
RLO on Role and Deficiency symptoms of
secondary nutrients
6. Duration
10 – 15 minutes
7. Co-Authors
P. Santhy
8. Abstract
There are three secondary nutrients that play a
crucial role in crop nutrition and yield. They are
calcium, magnesium and sulphur . This RLO
describes about their role and visual symptoms that
could describe the deficiency of the particular
nutrient.
9. Keywords
Protein, Enzymes, Amino acids
10. Complexity
Complex
11. Language
English
Role and Deficiency Symptoms of
Secondary Nutrients
In Banana
Secondary Nutrients are.,
•
Calcium
•
Magnesium
•
Sulphur
Role of Calcium
•
•
Soluble calcium fertilizer plays vital role
in production of high-quality fruits crops.
Calcium Uptake can be enhanced by
applying of calcium in the soluble form
(i.e., calcium nitrate or calcium chloride,
either of which is immediately available
for uptake). With many rapidly growing
crops.
•
•
•
Level of calcium is quite high in plant
tissues and it is involved in many useful
functions
Enzymes responsible for dissolving the
middle lamella include
polyglacturonases and pectolytic
enzymes such as pectate
transeliminase.
Fungal pathogenic infection is also
reduced with increased calcium uptake
by plants.
Deficiency of Calcium
•
•
Calcium deficiency symptoms are
characterized by narrow bands of marginal
chlorosis of lower leaves which gradually
turn in to necrotic hollows covering the
entire margin and the leaves becomes
smaller
Dissolution of the cell wall occur resulting
in the accumulation of brown substance in
inter-cellular space and vascular tissues
which will affect transport mechanism.
•
Root growth retarded,
 short
 thick
 crooked
 stubby
• Multiple buds appear
• Premature leaf fall
Role of Magnesium
•
Mg is the only mineral constituent of chlorophyll,
it is important in photosynthesis
•
Regulates phosphate transportation in plants
•
Aids in the accumulation of lecithin a phosphate
containing fat.
•
Availability of P elevated by Mg.
Deficiency of Mg
•
Interveinal chlorosis extending towards the
youngest leaves.
•
Growth of the plant inhibited.
•
Purple mottling of leaf petioles
•
Malformation of leaves and sheaths
•
Leaf yellowing, reduced growth and yield
•
•
•
Leaf chlorosis, purple brown spots on the
external part of the petiole and poor root
development
Fruits of Mg deficient plants do not ripen well
and are tasteless.
Upper branches are dwarfed and they begin
to die back.
Mg deficiency
Role of Sulphur
•
•
•
Constituent of S containing amino-acids
viz.,
 cystine
 cystinine
 methionine
Involved in the synthesis of protein and
enzymes
Functionally important in plant growth
•
Activates proteolitic enzymes viz.,
•
•
•
•
Papain
Bromelin
Less mobile than N
Symptoms
leaves
first
appear
on
younger
Deficiency of Sulphur
•
Plant growth rate
reduced
•
Plants become
rigid and brittle
•
Stem remains thin
• Chlorotic symptoms first
appear on younger leaves
which turn light green to light
yellow and inter-nodal length
is also shortened.
• It is difficult to distinguish
sulphur deficiency from
nitrogen deficiency for which
leaf analysis is essential
Summary
• The significant role played by secondary
•
nutrients is emphasized in this RLO. The
deficiency symptoms caused due to their
lesser availability has been represented
both visually and with relevant text
material
By going through this RLO the learner can
update his knowledge on the RLO of
secondary nutrients in Banana crop viz.,
Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur
Assessment
Choose the correct answer
1. The absence of __________ causes interveinal
chlorosis
a). Calcium
b). Magnesium
c). Sulphur
2. Fungal pathogenic infection is reduced by ____
uptake
a). Calcium
b). Magnesium
c). Sulphur
3. Immature ripening and tasteless fruits
are formed due to ____ deficiency
a). Calcium
c). Sulphur
b). Magnesium
4. Premature leaf fall of banana is due to
the deficiency of
a). Calcium
b). Magnesium
c). Sulphur
5. Malformed root formation is caused by
________ deficiency
a). Calcium
b). Magnesium
c). Sulphur