Transcript By-product Utilization in Potato

By-product Utilization in Potato
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By-product Utilization in Potato
Introduction
Potato is one of the most important staple crops for human
consumption along with wheat, rice and corn.
Mostly potatoes are processed into a variety of products such as
mashed potatoes, chips, fries and deep frozen and dehydrated
products.
Waste products from potatoes processing are a big disposal problem.
Approximately 35% of the total processed potato crop is discarded as
a waste during processing.
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By-product Utilization in Potato
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This waste ferments rapidly and adds to the pollution problem if not
properly utilized. The total world potato waste is estimated to 12 million
tones per year.
Abrasion which is used for potato chips, contribute 10% loss. A
substantial portion of the potato crops proves unusable for seed, table
stock or processing.
The utilization of by-products contributes to reduced amount of waste
and thus to sustainable production.
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By-product Utilization in Potato
Protein Recovery & Its Utilization
Potato protein is rich in lysine and contains methionine and cystine
as the limiting amino acids. However, the nutritive quality of potato
protein is comparable to that of whole egg and waste from potato
processing plants can be used for feed, food, and useful products.
European starch processing plants are recovering potato protein
concentrates as animal feed. Single-celled protein are unicelled
organisms grown on an industrial scale specifically for their protein
content under controlled fermentation conditions.
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By-product Utilization in Potato
Protein Recovery & Its Utilization
Cultivation of mycelial fungi on potato processing industry waste is
useful as they contain a complex of hydrolytic enzymes that
eliminate the necessity of hydrolyzing potato substrates before
culturing. Penicillium gigitatum 24 P grown on potato processing
wastes increased the biological value of the protein preparations
because of their high contents of unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin
F.
The potato distillery byproducts obtained from French fry industry
waste after alcoholic fermentation contains fair amounts of crude
protein (17.6 to 25.3%).
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By-product Utilization in Potato
Animal Feed
Potato waste is an excellent source of
energy for feeding cattle. It has energy
values similar to corn and barley while
being low in calcium and protein.
Potato peel, a waste by-product of potato
processing is a good source of fibre and
polyphenols that exert antihyperglycemic
effect in rats.
Potatoes consist of 80% water and water
content of the peeling waste is more than
85%. Generally potato waste is mixed
with other feed so that the dry matter
content of mixture is adequate.
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Potato peel, cull potatoes, and
products
derived
from
processing wastes have been
utilized for animal feed.
Fermented potato waste is an
excellent nitrogen source for
ruminant
animals.
Potato
processing waste (PPW) can
replace corn and barley
(Hordeum vulgare L.) grain and
it does not have any negative
effects on growth of beef cattle
or meat quality, and the diets
containing up to 80% PPW
increased efficiency of animal
growth per unit diet intake
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Making potato silage from the wastes
is one way of utilizing it for animal feed
as practiced at several places.
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By-product Utilization in Potato
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By-product Utilization in Potato
Other uses
Potato waste, when mixed with wheat starch milk, can give an
adhesive with improved properties. Pectin can be obtained after the
removal of residual starch from waste by heating in water and
subsequent treatment with glucoamylase.
The starch product, obtained by drying the debris recovered from
peeling potatoes, is recommended for use in drilling muds.
Medical and biological sciences are researching uses of solanine,
chaconine, and leptine extracted from potato wastes.
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a naturally occurring phenolic compound
found in fruits and vegetables, is readily extractable from potato
peels.
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The CGA, the major phenolic in potato peels, can be extracted from
potato wastes with boiling water and is as good an antioxidant as the
commonly used antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA).
By-products of potato processing were considered as a source of
extraction of L-ascorbic acid that can be used in an agar gel.
Potato starch, derived from processing, has also been converted to
glucose and then to lactic and citric acids and used to construct
biodegradable plastic.
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