Transcript 1pt - adamsapbio

Transcription,
Gene
Translation,
Expression…
Oh
My!
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What conclusion did Beadle
and Tatum reach with their
studies of Neurospora?
One mutant
gene affects one
enzyme
One mRNA codon
specifying for the amino
acid Leucine is
5’CUA3’. What is the
corresponding
anticodon?
3’GAU5’
Uracil forms a
complementary pair
with ____ in RNA and
_____ in DNA.
Adenine, adenine
During protein
synthesis, ribosomes:
Attach to the mRNA
molecule and travel
along its length.
How is the 4
letter language of
nucleic acids
converted into
the 20 word
language of
amino acids?
They combine in 3
letter sequences that
define different amino
acids.
What serves as an
adapter in protein
synthesis and
bridges the gap
between mRNA
and proteins?
tRNA
What portion of
the molecule
contains the anticodon?
Anticodon
loop
In all organisms, the
AUG codon codes
for:
Initiation of translation
Substitution of one base pair
for another can result in a
___ mutation that results in
the conversion of an amino
acid specifying codon to a
termination codon.
Nonsense
mutation
Frameshift
mutations
result from:
The insertion or
deletion of one or
two base pairs.
Genes that encode
proteins that are always
needed are called:
Constitutive
genes
How does the lactose
repressor block
transcription of the
lactose operon?
By binding to
the operator
Lactose induces
the transcription
of the lactose
operon by:
Binding to the
allosteric site of
the repressor after
being converted to
allolactose.
Repressible genes
are usually actively
transcribed when:
The supply of the
end product formed
by the enzymes
encoded by these
genes is low.
The gene that
codes for the
repressor protein
in the E. coli
lactose operon is:
constitutive
An inducible
operon is usually
controlled by:
A repressor that
keeps it in the “off”
state
The inducer of the lactose operon in
E. coli is:
lactose
Translational
controls
regulate:
The rate at which
mRNA is
translated.
Prokaryotic gene
regulation occurs
mainly at the ____
level.
Transcriptional
level
DNA sequences
called ___ increase
the rate of RNA
synthesis after
initiation of
transcription.
enhancers
Gene amplification
involves:
Extra replication
of genes that
specify a certain
product needed