Transcript Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration
Food is used to energize ATP
ATP MOLECULES
The human body uses about 1
million molecules of ATP per
cell per second. There are
more than 100 trillion cells in the
human body.
That’s about 1 X 1020, or
100,000,000,000,000,000,000
ATP molecules, used in your
body each second!
Cellular
Respiration
Occurs in 3
stages:
1.Glycolysis
2.Kreb’s cycle
3.ETC
1. Glycolysis
•Takes place in the cytoplasm
NAD+
What’s Happened so far?
Glycolysis
glucose
Glycolysis
Glucose C
O2
ATP NAD
now Product:
H
Used
#
?
#
What’s Happened so far?
Glycolysis
glucose
Glycolysis
O2
Used
No
Glucose C
now Product:
Pyruvate
pyruvate
pyruvate
ATP NADH
#
#
2
2
Some energy captured as electrons
•Energy in food in form of high energy electrons
•Electrons captured when food is broken down
•Held by electron carriers
•NADH, FADH2
Pyruvate as a key juncture in catabolism
2. Krebs Cycle
•Pyruvate broken down into CO2
Make
• 2 ATP/ glucose
•Electron carriers
3. Electron Transport Chain
*H+ is pumped against its gradient
*Energy for active transport comes
from electrons
Makes 34 ATP/ glucose!
What is oxygen for?
Receives electrons at the end of the
ETC
How many ATP are made per
glucose during aerobic
respiration?
You need energy to think, to keep your heart beating, to play
a sport, and to study this book. This energy is directly
supplied by _____, which is (are) produced in the process of
cellular respiration.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Enzymes
ATP
NAD+
vitamins
proteins
We need to breathe because we need
1. both atmospheric nitrogen and the oxygen for energy
transformation
2. oxygen to act as a proton donor
3. nitrogen to donate phosphate groups to oxygen
4. oxygen to act as the final acceptor of electrons in the
ETC
5. oxygen to donate phosphate groups to ADP, making it
ATP
Anaerobic Respiration
Fermentation
•Allows a cell to live off glycolysis alone
Does anaerobic respiration require oxygen?
Alcoholic Fermentation
Pyruvate + NADH
Ethanol + CO2(g) + NAD+
Lactic Acid
Fermentation
Pyruvate + NADH
Lactic Acid + NAD+
When do your cells do
anaerobic respiration?
AN OVERVIEW OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION (LAYER 1)
An overview of cellular respiration (Layer 2)
An overview of cellular respiration (Layer 3)
Comparing Photosynthesis and
Respiration
• In 1780, Joseph Priestley observed that green
plants could restore "injured" or "depleted" air.
Explain what was happening in this experiment.
Process: Photosynthesis
Organism: Plant
Place Occurs: Chloroplast
ATP
CO2 and H2O
Glucose and O2
Process: Respiration
Organism: ALL
Place occurs: Mitochondria