Transcript Day 16 – Intro to Chemistry

 HAPPY FRIDAY
Bellwork:
1. From the following question. Write down ONLY
what the question is asking.
In 1665 Robert Hooke, an English scientist, published
his book Micrographia, in which he described that
pieces of cork viewed under the microscope presented
small cavities similar to pores which were filled with
3. Glue/tape/staple
your Biomolecule
Foldable
air.
Based on later knowledge,
scientist were
ableto
to
Page
14. cavities constituted.
configure what the walls
of those
What is the historical importance of that observation
due to the prominence of cellular studies in major
universities and colleges today?
Test Scores
Overall
Class
Average
Class
Average
Period 1
85.17
Period 2
81.96
Period 4
80.00
Period 5
79.43
Period 6
85.00
Garza
Hilberg
82.31
N/A
Intro to Chemistry
Standard
9A – Compare the structures and
functions of different types of
biomolecules.
Essential Question
What are the basic units of
chemistry and how are they used
in the structure of organic
macromolecules
Just as buildings are made from bricks,
steel, glass, and wood, living things are
made from chemical compounds. For
this reason, to truly understand living
things, we must also have an
understanding of chemistry.
I. Basic Chemistry
A. Matter = anything that has
mass and takes up space.
B. Atoms = basic units of matter.
From the Greek word atomos which means “unable
to cut”
Placed side by side, 100 million atoms would equal
the width of your little finger
C. An element = matter made of
only one type of atom.
D. A molecule = two or more
atoms bonded together.
ll. Chemical Reactions
A. A chemical reaction = the process by which atoms
bond together or break apart.
B. The reaction of two or more elements together
results in the formation of a chemical bond between
atoms and the formation of a chemical compound
(molecule).
1. Formed when two or more atoms chemically bond
together, the resulting compound is unique both
chemically and physically from its parent atoms.
C. A chemical equation = the shorthand that
scientists use to describe a chemical reaction.
(Reactants)
(Products)
2Na + Cl2  2NaCl
1. To write a chemical equation for
a reaction, we would place the reactants
on the left side of the equation with an
arrow pointing to the products.
lll. Macromolecules
A. Macromolecules = large
molecules that are made from
thousands or even hundreds of
thousands of smaller molecules.
B.A polymer (meaning “many
parts”) is a macromolecule made
up of many smaller, repeating
molecules.
C.A monomer (meaning “one
part”) is a single, repeating unit
which is bonded together to
make polymers.
D. How polymers are formed and broken down:
1. Dehydration synthesis = a process through which polymers are formed from
monomers through the removal of H2O.
2. Hydrolysis = the process
of breaking down
polymers into monomers
by the addition of H2O.
3. Notice that dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis
are opposite reactions!!
Donut
Demo
lV. Inorganic chemistry is the study of all compounds
that do not contain bonds between carbon atoms.
V. Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds
that contain bonds between carbon atoms.
A. Carbon atoms are so special because:
They have four valence
electrons allowing them to
join with an electron from
another atom to form a
strong covalent bond.
1. They can bond with many
different elements.
2. They can bond to other
carbon atoms forming
chains or rings.
3. They have the ability to
form millions of different
large and complex
structures.
B. The four groups of organic compounds found
in living things are:
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids
Unit ___ - ______________________
Front
Vocabulary
Word
Definition of the word.
Back
A drawing that reminds you of the
definition of the word. (Must use at
least one color.)
Front
Biology
The study of life
Back
Unit 1 – Biomolecules
Definition Due Friday (9/11/15)
All Parts Due Thursday (9/17/15)
1. Atom
2. Molecule
3. Reactant
4. Product
5. Macro6. Macromolecule
7. Poly8. Mono9. Polymer
10. Monomer
11. Lysis-
12. Dehydration
Synthesis
13. Hydrolysis
14. Synthesis
15. Biomolecules
16. Carbohydrates
17. Lipids
18. Proteins
19. Nucleic Acids
20. Monosaccharide
21. Polysaccharide
22. Fatty Acid
23. Triglyceride
24. Amino Acid
25. Polypeptide
26.Catalyst
27.Substrate
28.Enzyme (“-ase”
must be in your
definition)
29.Active Site
30.Enzyme-Substrate
Complex