Transcript Role of deftox symp of micronutr in rice

Role and deficiency/toxicity
symptom of micronutrient in rice
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Introduction
Micronutrients are those nutrients which are
required for the growth and development of plant.
These nutrients are mostly iron, manganese,
zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum and chlorine.
Out of these, chlorine deficiency and toxicity is not
generally observed in plants as this micronutrient
is supplied indirectly from various sources.
Though these micronutrients are required in
trace/small quantity, but their absence in the
plant affect the plant.
Because, these nutrients are required to complete
the life cycle of the plant .
The vegetative and reproductive growth of
the plant are also checked in absence of
these nutrients.
Contd….
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Introduction
These micronutrients are generally present in organic
sources of nutrients.
These organic sources like FYM, Compost, vermicompost etc
may contain less quantity of these nutrients but presence of
these help the plant in their growth and development.
Soils supply these nutrients to the plants. When the soil
cannot supply the required quantity of nutrient to the
plant, it starts showing deficiency symptom.
On the contrary when soil supplies more quantity
of nutrient than the plant’s requirement ,plant
shows toxicity symptom . both deficiency and
toxicity are bad phenomenon for plant.
Contd….
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Micronutrient Deficiency/ Toxicity in rice
Plants show various symptom of deficiency in
absence of these but these symptoms
sometimes intermingle with symptom of plant
diseases which confuse the farmers.
Therefore it is very essential to know the
symptom of deficiency and toxicity of these
nutrients so that the farmers may take
appropriate decision for management of the
problem.
Here, the role of micronutrient in plant and
their deficiency /toxicity symptom in rice plant
is described in brief.
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Role of Iron
•
Chlorophyll development and function.
•
It plays a role in energy transfer within the plant.
•
It is a constituent of certain enzymes and proteins.
•
Iron functions in plant respiration, and plant metabolism.
•
It is involved in nitrogen fixation
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Deficiency Symptoms of Iron
The most easily observed symptom
of iron deficiency in plants is
extensive chlorosis in the leaves.
Generally the younger leaves are most
affected, the most mature leaves
sometimes showing no chlorosis at all.
This is because of the relative
immobility of iron in the plant.
First of all, interveinal chlorosis on
surface of the leaf showing a fine
reticulate network of green setting off
chlorotic areas.
Under severe deficiency conditions total
chlorosis of the younger or emerging
leaves results.
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Toxicity Symptoms of Iron
Tiny brown spots on lower leaves starting from
tip and spread towards the leaf
base or
whole leaf coloured orange-yellow to brown.
Spots combine on leaf inter-veins and leaves
turn orange-brown and die
Leaves narrow but often remain green
In some varieties, leaf tips become orangeyellow and dry up
Iron toxicity in rice
Leaves appear purple-brown if Fe toxicity is severe
Stunted growth, extremely limited tillering.
Coarse, sparse, damaged root system with a dark brown to black coating
on the root surface and many dead roots
Freshly uprooted rice hills often have poor root systems with many black
roots
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Role of Manganese
Important for normal functioning of many enzymes, nitrogen metabolism
and carbon dioxide assimilation.
The assimilation of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
It aids in the synthesis of chlorophyll and in nitrate assimilation.
Manganese activates fat forming enzymes.
It functions in the formation of riboflavin, ascorbic
acid, and carotene.
It functions in
photosynthesis.
electron
transport
during
It is involved in the Hill Reaction where
water is split during photosynthesis.
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Deficiency Symptoms
Chlorotic patches between veins are first noticed on
younger leaves. Stunted plants with normal tiller numbers
Toxicity Symptoms
Stunted Plants and limited
tillering .
Brown spots on the veins of
the leaf blade and the leaf
sheath in lower leaves..
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Manganese deficiency in rice
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Role of Zinc
Production of Auxins, an essential
growth hormone.
It activates enzymes in protein synthesis
and is involved in the regulation and
consumption of sugars
It is necessary for starch formation
and proper root development.
Zinc influences the rate of seed and stalk
maturation.
It is necessary for the formation of
chlorophyll and carbohydrates.
The presence of adequate amounts in
the tissue enables the plant to withstand
lower air temperatures.
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Deficiency Symptoms of Zn
The midrib of the younger leaves,
especially the base , become chlorotic
Brown patches and
leaves appear
streakes in lower
Appearance of rusty-brown spots and
discoloration of older leaves beginning
2-3 weeks after transplanting is noticed.
Under acute conditions, leaf margins of older
leaves dry up.
Zinc deficiency symptoms in rice
New leaves are smaller in size.
Crop maturity is non-uniform and delayed.
Khaira disease of rice
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Role of Copper
It functions as a catalyst in
photosynthesis and respiration.
It is a constituent of several enzyme
systems involved in building and
converting amino acids to proteins.
Copper is important in carbohydrate
and protein metabolism.
Copper also affects the flavor, the
storage ability, and the sugar content
of fruits.
It is important to the formation of lignin
in plant cell walls which contributes to
the structural strength of the cells, and
the plant.
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Deficiency Symptoms
Bluish- green leaves , which become
chlorotic near the tips.
Development of chlorosis downward
along
both
sides
of
the
midrib,followed
by
dark
brown
necrosis of the tips..
New leaves fail to unroll and maintain a
need like appearance of the entire leaf.
Copper deficiency symptoms
in rice
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Role of Boron
Maintains a balance between sugar and starch
and translocation of sugar and carbohydrates.
It is necessary for normal cell division, nitrogen
metabolism, and protein formation.
It is important in pollination and seed reproduction.
It is essential for proper cell wall formation.
It plays an important role in the proper
function of cell membranes and the
transport of K to guard cells for the proper
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control of internal water balance.
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Deficiency Symptoms of Boron
Chlorosis at the tips of the older leaves , especially along the
margins , followed by the appearance of large, dark brown
elliptical spots in the affected parts, which ultimately turn brown
and dry up.
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Role and deficiency/toxicity symptom of micronutrient in rice
Role of Molybdenum
It functions in converting nitrates (NO3 ) into amino
acids within the plant.
It is essential to the symbiotic nitrogen fixing
bacteria in legumes.
It is essential to the conversion of inorganic P into
organic forms in the plant.
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