Transcript Evidence of Evolution - H.S.H.P. Biology

Evidence of Evolution
EQ: What evidence convinced Darwin that
species could change over time?
TEK 7ACDE
(Supported by 5 branches of science)
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
The Fossil Record (Paleontology)
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Geographic Distribution of Living Things (Geography)
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Body Structures (Anatomy)
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Similarities in Early Development (Embryology)
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Similarities in Genes and Proteins (Biochemistry)
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Evidence for Evolution ●
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Paleontology
The Fossil Record-Layers of
ground show change
Similarities between current and
ancient species
Older fossils, less like modern
species
Fossil record not complete
because most organisms don’t
form fossils
Gaps filled in as more
discovered (Transitional
Fossils)
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Evidence of Evolution -
Geography
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Beaver
Muskrat
Beaver and
Muskrat
Coypu
Capybara
Coypu and
Capybara
Geographic
Distribution of
Living Thingssimilar
environments
have similar
types of
organisms
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION -
ANATOMY
Homologous Structures - structures that
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have different mature forms in different
organisms, but develop from the same
embryonic tissue
●similar characteristics resulting from
common ancestry
Look at color coding of bone
structures!
Evidence for Evolution – Anatomy continued…
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Vestigial organs - organs that serve little or no
useful function in an organism
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remnants of structures that had important
functions in ancestors
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shrink/get smaller over many generations
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examples:
snakes: pelvic bone/hindlimbs
ostrich: wings
human: appendix
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Flightless bird
Eyeless Cave Fish
EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION -
EMBRYOLOGY
Compare anatomy of embryos
●Similarities of development or structures that
are not obvious in adult
●Embryos of vertebrates are similar in
appearance early in development, but may
grow into different structures in adult
●Evolution from common ancestor
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EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION -
BIOCHEMISTRY
The more similar the DNA and amino acid sequence
in proteins, the more likely it is they diverged from
common ancestor
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Provides evidence when species are so closely
related they do not appear to be different …or…
when species are so diverse that they share few
similar structures
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