Transcript Health Care - McGraw

Conventional and
Complementary
Medicine: Skills for the
Health Care Consumer
Chapter 15
Self-Care: Managing Medical
Problems


Self Assessment
Decision Making: Knowing When to See a Physician





Severe
Unusual
Persistent
Recurrent
Emergencies:








Chapter 15
Major trauma or injury
Uncontrollable bleeding
Severe shortness of breath
Persistent abdominal pain
Poisoning or drug overdose
Loss of consciousness
Stupor, drowsiness, or disorientation
Severe or worsening reaction to an insect bite or sting
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
2
Chapter 15
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
3
Self-Treatment: Many Options



Watchful waiting
Nondrug options
Self-medication
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Chapter 15
Read labels
Do not exceed the recommendation
Use caution
Select medications with one ingredient
Try to buy genetic
Never take a drug from an unlabeled container
Pregnant and nursing
Expiration date
Storage of medication
Special caution with aspirin
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
4
Chapter 15
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
5
Professional Medical and Health Care:
Choices and Change

Seeking professional medical care



Chapter 15
Hospital emergency room
Scheduling an appointment with a physician
Accessing some other part of the American
medical and health care system
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
6
Chapter 15
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
7
Conventional Medicine


“Standard Western Medicine”
“Bio-medicine”

Chapter 15
Based on the findings of a variety of biological
sciences.
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
8
Premises and Assumptions of
Conventional Medicine




Hippocrates
Every disease is defined by a certain pathology and
set of symptoms and the symptoms are similar in
most patients suffering from that disease.
Pharmaceuticals
Scientific explanation






Chapter 15
Empirical
Rational
Testable
Parsimonious
General
Tentative
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
9
The Providers of Conventional
Medicine






Medical Doctors (M.D.)
Doctors of osteopathic medicine (D.O.)
Podiatrists (D.P.M.)
Optometrists (O.D.)
Dentists (D.D.S.) or (D.M.D.)
Allied health care providers (Millions of other trained health care professionals, know as
allied health care providers

Registered nurses (R.N.)

Licensed vocational nurses (L.V.N.s)

Occupational therapist (O.T.s)

Physical therapists (P.T.)

Licensed certified Athletic Trainers (L.A.T.C.s)

Social workers

Registered dietitians (R.D.s)

Physician assistants (P.A.s)

Nurse practitioners

Certified nurse midwives
Chapter 15
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
10
Choosing a Primary Care Physician




Coordinator of your medical care.
Information about your Primary care doctor.
Personal feelings after meeting your chosen
primary care physician.
Choosing a Medical Facility.
Chapter 15
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
11
Getting the Most Out of Your Medical
Care



The Physician-Patient partnership
Your appointment with your physician
The diagnostic process
Chapter 15
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
12
Medical and Surgical Treatments

Prescription medications






Medication errors
Off-label drug use
Online pharmacies
Costs
The appropriate questions to ask while seeking
treatment.
Surgery

Chapter 15
Key questions to ask before surgery
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
13
Complementary and Alternative
Medicine


Alternative medical system.
Traditional Chinese medicine or Traditional Oriental
medicine (TCM).



Homeopathy
Mind-Body interventions


Acupuncture
Hypnosis
Biological-based therapies

Chapter 15
Herbal therapies
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
14
Complementary and Alternative
Medicine

Manipulative and Body-Based Methods.







Energy Therapies




Chapter 15
Chiropractic
Touch and body manipulation
Osteopathic
Massage acupressure
Feldenkrais
Rolfing
Qigong
Therapeutic touch
Bioelectromagnetics
Reiki
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
15
Chapter 15
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
16
Evaluating Complementary and
Alternative Medicine

Working with Your Physician.







Safety
Effectiveness
Timing
Cost
Questioning the CAM practitioner.
Doing your own research.
Why do consumers use complementary medicine?
Chapter 15
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
17
Paying For Health Care




The Current System
Health Insurance
Traditional Fee-for-Service (Indemnity) plans
Managed Care plans



Chapter 15
Health maintenance organizations (HMOs)
Preferred provider organizations (PPOs)
Point-of-service (POS)
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
18
Health Savings Accounts


HSAs became available in 2004
Two parts
1.
2.

Government programs



Health plan with a high deductible
Tax-exempt personal savings account
Medicare
Medicaid
Choosing a policy
Chapter 15
© 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
19
Conventional and
Complementary
Medicine: Skills for the
Health Care Consumer
Chapter 15