Transcript Emergency Preparedness - Wright Wonders

EMERGENCY
PROCEDURES
Prompt Care is Essential
Knowledge of what to do
Knowledge of how to do it
Being prepared to follow through
There is no room for uncertainty
There is no room for error
The Emergency Plan
The key to emergency aid in the sports
setting is the initial evaluation of the
injured athlete.
The prime concern is to maintain
cardiovascular function (ABC’s) and
central nervous system function.
The Emergency Plan
EMS communication
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Telephones must be available
Designate someone to call 911
The right information must be communicated
Type of emergency situation
Type of suspected injury
Present condition of the athlete
Current assistance being given
Location of telephone being used and location
Exact location of the emergency
The Emergency Plan
Emergency Action Plan
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Transportation policies
Treatment policies
Keys to the appropriate gates
Separate emergency plans should be
developed for each sport’s field, court etc.
Cooperation with emergency care
providers
Parent notification
Principles of On-The-Field Injury
Assessment
Primary Survey: determines the existence
of potentially life-threatening situations.
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Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Severe bleeding
Shock
Principles of On-The-Field Injury
Assessment
Secondary Survey: systematically
assesses vital signs and symptoms for a
more detailed evaluation of the injury.
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Observation
History
Inspection
Palpation
Range of motion
Special tests
Secondary Survey
Recognizing the Vital Signs
Pulse: should be taken at the carotid
artery or the radial artery with two fingers.
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Adult resting pulse 60-80
Child resting pulse 80-100
Rapid and weak = shock, bleeding, diabetic
coma, or heat exhaustion
Rapid and strong = heat stroke
Slow and strong = skull fracture or stroke
No pulse = cardiac arrest or death
Secondary Survey
Recognizing the Vital Signs
Respiration: check airway and breathing
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Look
Listen
Feel
Normal adult respirations = 12 a minute
Normal child respirations = 20 a minute
Shallow respirations = shock
Gasping respirations = cardiac involvement
Frothy blood in the mouth = lung injury
Secondary Survey
Recognizing the Vital Signs
Blood Pressure: force of the blood against
the arterial walls measured by a
sphygmomanometer and stethoscope.
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Systolic / Diastolic
Adult males = 120 / 80
Adult females = 110 / 70
High blood pressure = cardiac involvement
Low blood pressure = hemorrhage, shock,
heart attack or internal organ injury
Secondary Survey
Recognizing the Vital Signs
Temperature: is measured by a
thermometer under the tongue, armpit, or
rectum but skin also reflects temperature.
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Rectum is the Gold Standard
Normal core temperature = 98.6
Hot dry skin = disease, infection, heat stroke
Cool clammy skin = shock, heat exhaustion
Cool dry skin = over exposure to cold
http://www.wralsportsfan.com/unc/video/5784
909/#/vid5784909
Secondary Survey
Recognizing the Vital Signs
Skin color: can quickly be used to identigy
medical emergencies.
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Red skin = heatstroke, high blood pressure
Pale skin = insufficient circulation, shock,
hemorrage, heat exhaustion, or insulin shock
Blue skin = poorly oxygenated blood (airway
obstruction or respiratory failure)
Dark skin = look at lips, mouth or nails
Secondary Survey
Recognizing the Vital Signs
Pupils: are very sensitive to injury affecting
the nervous system.
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Constricted = depressant drug
Dilated = head injury, shock, heat stroke,
hemorrhage, stimulant drug
Failed response to light = head injury,
alcohol or drug poisoning
PEARL
Pupils Equal And Reactive to Light
Secondary Survey
Recognizing the Vital Signs
State of Consciousness: awareness
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Normal (quickly responds to stimuli): alert
Unconscious (does not respond to stimuli)
Groggy (responds slowly to stimuli):
Conscious (full memory but responds slowly
to stimuli)
Secondary Survey
Recognizing the Vital Signs
The Unconscious Athlete
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Check the ABC’s
Check for milky fluid from the ears or nose
Check for bumps, lacerations or deformity
NEVER move an unconscious athlete
NEVER remove the helmet
Secondary Survey
Recognizing the Vital Signs
Nervous System
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Check movement of extremities
Lack of movement = head or neck injury
Check sensation of body areas
Numbness = nerve injury
Lack of pain = shock or spinal cord injury
Response to The Primary Survey
Obstructed airway
management
Rescue breathing
CPR / AED
Stop severe bleeding
Treat for shock
Stabilize the athlete until
EMS arrives
Response to The Secondary
Survey
Determine the seriousness of the injury
Determine the type of first aid necessary
Determine if referral is warranted
Determine where referral is warranted
Determine the manner of transportation
Determine the immediate treatment
Immediate Treatment
Bandaging
Splinting
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Metal splints
Vacuum splints
Anatomical splints
Others
Immediate Transportation
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Ambulatory aid
Manual conveyance
Stretcher / spine board
RICE
Develop an EAP
In groups of two you are going to create
an EAP for one of the venues at AL
Brown.