Transcript Ch17Sec1-5

Who is this lady and what did she stand for???
Brain Scan
• 20% of Males between 25 and 34 are now
living where?
– At home
• One out of seven Americans have ten of these.
What are they?
– Credit Cards
• Every state in the U.S. has a city with this
name. What is it?
– Lincoln
Progressive Era
What does the word “Progressive”
mean?
Progressive Goals
Progressives urged the government to:
1. Distribute Wealth Equally
1. Protect Social Welfare
1. Promoting Moral Improvements
1. Creating Economic Reform and Stop Unfair Business
Practices
1. Reduce government corruption
1. Fostering Efficiency
The Origins of Progressive Era
Social Reforms
Social Welfare Reform Movement
People/Groups Involved
• YMCA, Salvation Army,
Settlement Houses, Hull
House, etc…
• Jane Adams, Florence Kelly,
etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions,
etc…)
• Created a variety of public
services
Moral Reform Movement
People/Groups Involved
• Woman’s Christian
Temperance Union, AntiSaloon League
• Frances Willard, Carey
Nation, etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions,
etc…)
• Prohibition adopted by
many town and state
governments
• 18th Amendment
(Prohibition)
Economic Reform Movement
People/Groups Involved
Successes (laws, legal decisions,
etc…)
• American Socialist Party,
Muckrakers
• Eugene Debs, Ida Tarbell,
etc…
• Exposed corruption in
different industries
• Equal distribution of wealth
• 16th Amendment (Income
Tax)
Movement for Industrial Efficiency
People/Groups Involved
• Ford Motor Company
• Fredrick Winslow Taylor,
Henry Ford, etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions,
etc…)
• Ford Assembly Line, the
“Five Dollar Day”, Scientific
Management
Movement to Protect Workers
People/Groups Involved
• National Child Labor
Committee
• Louis Brandeis, Florence
Kelly, Josephine Goldmark,
etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions,
etc…)
• Keating-Owen Act, Workers
Compensation, 10 hour
workday for women and
men
Political Reforms
Movement to Reform Local Government
People/Groups Involved
• Commissions, City Councils
• Hazen Pingree, Tom
Johnson (Socialists)
Successes (laws, legal decisions,
etc…)
• Property taxes, public
ownership of utilities and
transportation, as well as
other economic reforms
State Reform of Big Business
People/Groups Involved
• Robert M. La Follette, James
Hogg, etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions,
etc…)
• Laws regulating railroads,
and end government
corruption because of
relationships with Big
Business
Movement for Elections Reform
People/Groups Involved
• William S. U’Ren
Successes (laws, legal decisions,
etc…)
• Secret Ballot, Initiative,
Referendum, recall, direct
primary, and the 17th
Amendment (direct election
of senators)
Women in Public Life
Chapter 17 Sec 2
What types of jobs were women in each group likely to
hold?
Lower Class
• Agricultural, domestic and
manufacturing
Middle and Upper Class
• White-collar jobs (book
keepers, stenographers,
operators, etc…)
What types of jobs were women in each group likely to
hold?
African Americans
• Agricultural and domestic
Immigrants
• Agricultural, domestic,
piecework, taking in
boarders, and
manufacturing
How did educational opportunities for middle-and upper-class
women change?
• New women’s colleges established
How did these new opportunities affect the lives of middle-and
upper-class women?
• Marriage was no longer a woman’s only
alternative
• Offered opportunity to pursue a profession
• Allowed to devote oneself to reform
movement
Suffrage
What three strategies were adopted by
the suffragist to win the vote?
1. Tried to convince state
legislatures to grant
women the right to vote
2. Pursued court cases to test
the 14th Amendment
3. Campaigned for a national
constitutional amendment
to grant women the right
to vote
What results did each strategy produce?
1. Wyoming, Utah, Colorado,
and Idaho granted women
the vote (other states it
failed)
2. The Supreme Court ruled
that women were citizens,
but that citizenship did not
automatically confer the
right to vote
3. It was always voted down
Progressive Presidents
T.R./TAFT/WILSON
Teddy Roosevelt




Big Business
 Enforced Sherman Anti-Trust Act (49
Cases)
 Hepburn Act (Interstate Commerce
Commission)
Federal Reforms
 “Square Deal”=progressive reforms to
even the playing field
 Negotiated deals b/t workers and owners
(ex: coal strike 1902)
 Meat Inspection Act /Pure Food and Drug
Act
Conservation
 National Reclamation Act (1902) Set aside
200 million acres of land
 U.S. Forest Service (1905)
Civil Liberties
 Women
 Supported Women Suffrage
 Race
 Failed to truly endorse African
Americans
 Invited Booker T Washington to the
White House
William Taft




Big Business
 Enforced Sherman Anti Trust Act (90
cases)
 Lowered Tariffs slightly (Payne Aldrich
Act)
Federal Reforms
 Supported Labor
 Department of Labor
Conservation
 Allowed private business group to
obtain several millions of acres of
Alaskan public land (angered
conservationists)
 Reserved more land then T.R.
Civil Liberties
 Women
 Supported Suffrage
 Race
 Talked about issues but did
nothing for African Americans
Woodrow Wilson
•
•
•
•
Big Business
– Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Federal Reforms
– 16th Amendment=income tax
– Federal Trade Commission
– Federal Reserve System
– Supported strikes, picketing, and
boycotts
Conservation
– Signed the National Park Service Bill
(1916)
Civil Liberties
– Women
• Lightly supported Suffrage
– Race
• Extended Jim Crow Laws
• Endorsed “Birth of a Nation”
What were the reasons for these “Progressive”
movements?
To address the problems that had contributed to
the social upheavals of the 1890’s
Election Of 1912
Candidate
party
Popular
Vote
%
Woodrow Wilson
Democrat
6,296,000
42% (435)
Teddy Roosevelt
Bull Moose
4,118,000
27% (88)
William Taft
Republican
3,486,000
23% (8)
Eugene Debs
Socialist
900,000
6% (0)
Why did Wilson win the Presidential
Election of 1912?
Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican Ticket
Progressive Era Legislation
Date
Legislation
Purpose
1890
Sherman AntiTrust Act
United States
Forest Service
Outlawed monopolies and
unfair business practices
1906
Meat inspection
Act
Required federal
inspection of meat
processing to ensure
clean conditions
1906
Pure Food and
Drug Act
Department of
Labor
Outlawed dishonest
labeling of food and drugs
1905
1913
Create to manage nation’s
water and timber
resources
Cabinet department
created to promote
welfare of working people