Transcript Chapter 23 Lessons 3, 4, and 5

Chapter 23 Lessons
3 and 4
Warm Up: Make a list of at least 5
illegal drugs that you know of.
Marijuana
 Marijuana is really an Indian hemp plant called
cannabis.
 It’s a plant whose leaves, buds, and flowers are
smoked for their intoxicating effects.
 The most widely used illegal drug.
 Persons who use marijuana are 17 times more
likely to use cocaine than people who have
never used marijuana.
 It is mind altering and can damage the user’s
body.
continued
 It can become addictive, raising the levels of a
brain chemical called dopamine to produce a
pleasurable feeling.
 It contains more cancer-causing chemicals
than tobacco smoke.
 There are mental and emotional health
consequences.
 Users may suffer from slow mental reflexes and
feelings of anxiety and paranoia.
 Users often lose coordination and have trouble
thinking.
continued
 Users face physical consequences, such
as risks to the reproductive organs.
 Drivers under the influence of marijuana
have impaired judgment and slower
reflexes, resulting in accidents and
arrests.
Inhalants
 Substances whose fumes are sniffed and
inhaled to achieve a mind-altering effect are
called inhalants.
 Most inhalants cause brain damage, actually
killing brain cells.
 Inhalants include solvents and aerosols.
 All inhalants are extremely dangerous, causing
permanent damage to the nervous system.
Anabolic-Androgenic
Steroids
 Synthetic substances that are similar to
the male sex hormone testosterone are
called anabolic-androgenic steroids.
 Anabolic refers to muscle building.
 Androgenic refers to increased male
characteristics.
 These steroids help build muscles.
continued
 They can cause mood swings, impaired
judgment, and paranoia.
 They need to be prescribed by a physician;
otherwise, they are dangerous.
 Steroid users often turn to illegal, addictive
drugs to fight the side effects of steroids.
 The nonmedical use of steroids is illegal for
people of all ages in the United States.
Lesson 4 – Classification
of Psychoactive Drugs
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Stimulants are one class.
Depressants are another class.
Narcotics are a third class.
Hallucinogens are a fourth class.
Health Risks of Stimulants
 Caffeine and nicotine speed up the central
nervous system.
 Using cocaine can lead to depression,
paranoia, and physiological dependence as
well as cause malnutrition and cardiac
problems.
 Crack is a very pure form of cocaine.
 It drastically increases the heart rate and blood
pressure.
 Mixing cocaine and alcohol can lead to death from
liver failure.
continued
 Amphetamines given through prescriptions
reduce fatigue, drowsiness, and appetite, yet
many people take them illegally to stay alert
and run the risk of irregular heartbeats,
paranoia, and other damage to the body.
 Methamphetamine is used to treat obesity and
other diseases, yet when taken illegally can
cause depression, paranoia, and even death.
Health Risks of
Depressants
 Depressants are sedatives that tend to
slow down the Central Nervous System.
 They can slow the heart rate.
 They can lower blood pressure to dangerous
levels.
 They can affect breathing.
 Barbiturates are sedative-hypnotic drugs.
 They induce sleepiness, mood changes, and
can result in a coma.
continued
 Tranquilizers reduce muscular activity,
coordination, and attention span.
 When overused, users can become physiologically
and psychologically dependent on them.
 Users can experience withdrawal symptoms, such
as severe shaking and even a coma or death.
 Rohypnol is ten times as strong as
tranquilizers.
 It is a drug used in date-rape crimes.
 It is used in crimes of dating violence.
 Gammahydroxy butyric acid (GHB) is used in
date-rape crimes
Narcotics
 These are specific drugs made from the opium
plant.
 They are given only by prescription and used
to relieve pain.
 They are addictive.
 Heroin is a highly addictive narcotic.
 Depresses the CNS, slows breathing and pulse
rate, can cause infection of the heart lining and
valves, withdrawal is VERY painful.
Hallucinogens
 PCP distorts time and space, increases muscle
strength, and causes the inability to feel pain.
 LSD causes severe distortions of sound and
color as well as causes the risk of convulsions,
coma, and heart and lung failure.
 Ketamine causes dreamlike states and may
result in respiratory failure.
Ecstasy and Other
Dangerous Drugs
 Designer Drugs are synthetic substances
meant to imitate the effects of dangerous
drugs.
 Ecstasy is a designer drug that gives a shortterm euphoric feeling, yet often causes
confusion, depression, paranoia, and other
harmful effects.
 There are consequences of drug use, such as
leading to unsafe situations, violence, and
accidents.