Transcript Social Aspects

Sustainable Tourism Planning/
Social Aspects
Jan. 31 2007
Scope
• Environmental - biophysical
- “plan with nature”
• Economic
- developers
- economy (nat. & local)
- host community
• Social
- people
• Political
- how decisions are made
Social
• Needs - work
- housing
- services - school
- health
- water & sewer/utilities
- recreation
- transportation
Social (cont.)
• Community structure
- social support system
• Social capital
• Social exclusion - deficient education
- migrants
- handicapped
- aged
- women
Tourism - benefits
• Force for peace and understanding
- idea exchange
• Strengthening communities
- jobs
- hospitality industry training
- reducing out migration
- spin-offs: arts, crafts, music,
food, cooking
- stability
Benefits (cont.)
• Facilities for tourists can benefit locals
- roads
- electricity
- means of transport
- health (eg better water,
sewage treatment)
- sports and rec. facilities
Benefits (cont.)
• Revaluation of the local culture
• Local awareness and pride
Bad effects
• “Commodification” of the natives. (Fake
ethnic festivals etc.)
• Crime:
thievery, prostitution, drug dealing,
pimping, begging, child abuse
• Standardisation:
“Hilton” “Club-Med” “sanitized for your
protection”
Bads (cont.)
• Loss of authenticity
• Adaptation to tourist demands (? No. of
tourists; carrying capacity?)
• Economic inequality (locals & tourists)
• Pay inequality / job friction (local
employees and ex-pats)
• Resource-use conflicts (eg beaches)
Bads (cont.)
• Bad behaviour; no respect for locals
- photography
- dress code
- eating and greeting habits
• Disregard for local knowledge
- biophysical (landforms, flora,
(fauna)
- customs, sacred places, special sites
Bads (cont.)
• Proliferation of informal sector,
(if there is a promise of work)
- squatting, hawkers, beggars
• And the worst:
- Procurement of all supplies and many
services (engineers, architects, building
materials, plumbing and electrical gear,
bedding, food, booze, geegaws)
from overseas.
- Coupled with overseas ownership of airlines,
cruise-ships, and resorts themselves, means that most
profits are repatriated to the “west”.