Transcript applications of nmr in medicine

NUCLEAR MAGNETIC
RESONANCE
SPECTROSCOPY
-an ideal tool for Diagnosis &
Drug Design
B. HASEENA BANU
Asst.Professor,SriPadmavathi School
of Pharmacy,Tiruchanoor,Tirupati
CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
 BASIC PRINCIPLE
 DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
APPLICATIONS OF NMR IN MEDICINE
 CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS
 DRUG DEVELOPMENT
NMR Nobel prize laureates
INTRODUCTION
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BASIC PRINCIPLE IN NMR
Atomic nuclei – tiny magnets
In external magnetic field - allign or oppose
If irradiated with EMR of proper frequency –
Resonance
√ α βo
PARAMETERS
 Chemical shifts
 Spin lattice relaxation time
DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES
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Based on nuclei
H1 NMR
C13 NMR
F13 NMR & P31 NMR
N15 NMR & O17 NMR
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CWNMR
FTNMR
2D_NMR &3D_NMR
COSY _CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY
MRI_MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
ESR_ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
APPLICATIONS OF NMR
IN MEDICINE
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CLINICAL APPLICATION OF PROTON
IMAGING IN DIAGNOSIS
BRAIN
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Distinguishing gray matter & white matter
Imaging posterior fossae, brain stem, spinal
cord
Detect demyelinating lesions, tumors,
hemorrhages, infarctions
ABDOMEN
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Metabolic liver disease
Measures liver iron over load in
hemochromatosis
Focal areas of inflammation in chronic active
hepatisis
KIDNEYS
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Distinguishing renal cortex & medulla
To evaluate transplanted kidney
PELVIS
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Differentiates between Benign prostatic
hyperplasia & prostatic carcinoma
Detects bladder tumours
MEDIASTINUM, HILUM, LUNG
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Assessing abnormalities
Respiratory gating
HEART
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Tomographic images of heart muscle,
chambers, valvular structures
ECHO-PLANAR TECHNIQUE
Discrimination between infarcted, ischemic &
normal myocardium
BREAST
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3D-NMR & single-slice planar imaging in detecting
breast abnormalities
MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM
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Demonstrates Osteo myelitis, tumor metastasis in
vertebral bodies & pelvic bones
Images of muscles, tendons, ligaments
BLOOD VESSELS & FLOW
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Atherosclerotic vascular disease
Assess blood flow in major vessels.
INVIVO SPECTROSCOPY
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Chemical shift phenomenon
Diagnosis of rare disease to inborn errorsMc Ardle’s syndrome
INVIVO Analysis of Bone flouride content.
PUTTING NMR IMAGING
INTO PERSPECTIVE
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Eliminates risk of x-radiation
Excellent spatial & contrast
resolution
Detecting diseases at earlier stages
NMR IN PHARMACEUTICAL
RESEARCH
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Leading technology for 3-D structure
determination of bio-macromolecules
Studying protein structure
SAR by NMR – Novel lead compounds
Chemical shift mapping – Structural information
on the binding modes and site positions
Molecular dynamics, conformational analysis
SHAPES
NMR – SOLVE
Structural genomics
Identifying gene products in disease
 Targets of drug design.
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Development of Novel drug delivery
systems
Enhancing HTS assays
Thousands of compounds
 Cryogenic NMR technology / cryoprobes
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NMR Nobel Prize Laureates
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The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943, Ohostern, USA –
Discovery of magnetic moment of proton
The Nobel Prizein Physics 1952- IsidorJ. Rafi,USA
– Discovery of new methods for nuclear magnetic
precision
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 – Felix Bloch,
USA and Edward M. Purcell, USA – Methodology
of high resolution NMR.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 – Kurt
Wuthrich, Switzerland – Determining 3-D
Structure by NMR.
The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2003 – Paul C.
Lauterbur, USA and Peter Mans field, U.K. –
Discoveries concerning MRI.
THANKING YOU
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