Transcript global & regional drug trends - an overview

Prison Reforms
- UNODC perspective
Dr. Jayadev Sarangi, Prison Expert
UNODC ROSA
APCCA,2008
Langkawi, Malaysia,
24th November 2008
UNODC MENU OF SERVICES:
RULE OF LAW
JUSTICE
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United Nations standards and norms
in crime prevention and criminal
justice
Law enforcement effectiveness
accountability and oversight
Crime prevention
Judicial reform
Juvenile justice
Prison reform
Legal aid
Alternatives to imprisonment
Restorative justice
Violence against women
Support to victims of crime
Vulnerable groups within the criminal
justice system
Extradition and mutual legal
assistance
Witness protection
UNODC MENU OF SERVICES:
HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT
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DRUG PREVENTION, TREATMENT
AND REHABILITATION
 Drug abuse prevention
 Drug dependence treatment and
rehabilitation
HIV/AIDS PREVENTION AND CARE
 HIV/AIDS prevention, care and
treatment amongst injecting drug
users
 HIV/AIDS prevention, care and
treatment in prisons
 HIV/AIDS prevention, care and
treatment among people
vulnerable to human trafficking
ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT
 Alternatives to illicit crop
cultivation
 Sustainable livelihoods
Realities on the ground
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Over-crowding
Majority are remand prisoners
High prisoner turnover
Low civil society participation in prison reforms
‘We’ and ‘Them’ Divide
Protection mechanisms for the weak and vulnerable
inadequate
7. Constraints - human and financial resources
8. Low awareness - drugs and HIV
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Denial – “no sex, no drug, no violence”
Sexual risk behaviour – MSM, coercion
Large number of married inmates
9. Post release follow up of prisoners is very negligible
Major Achievements
 Rolling out interventions in 27 prison sites (e.g.,
Bangladesh ,Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Sri
Lanka)
 A critical mass (418 Master Trainers) of human
resources trained (including prison officials,
health workers and civil society partners)
 Reached out to approx. 27000 persons in the
prison community including prison inmates and
field level prison staff in the region
UNODC Tools
Thank you
Please visit us at
www.unodc.org/india
Tel: 011-42225000
Prison Reforms Initiative
– ROSA thrust areas
 Application of Standard Minimum Rules for Treatment of PrisonersA Human Rights perspective
 Capacity of Member States to apply international standards on the
professional management/operation of prisons
 Advocate for and create awareness to ensure that adjustment of
laws and policies should be in conformity with international
standards and norms on diversions, restorative justice and noncustodial sanctions
 Increased application by Member States of strategies to improve
overall healthcare of prisoners including the reduction of the spread
of drugs/HIV in Prisons of South Asia
 Sensitization and capacity building of law enforcement officials
Prevention of drugs and HIV
in prisons of South Asia
(Project RAS/H71)
Prison Intervention sites
Country
No. of
sites
Bangladesh
Bhutan
2
1
India
4
Maldives
1
Nepal
5
Sri Lanka
14
Total
27
Countries
Bhutan
India
Bangladesh
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Maldives
Remand prisoners
and/or pre-trial
detainees as % of all
prisoners
NA
65.7
69
49.4
51
NA
Source: International Centre for Prison Studies, London, 2008
Countries
India
Bhutan
Banglades
h
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Maldives
Capacity
Actual
Occupanc
population y level %
263,911
373,271
141.4
NA
NA
NA
27,451
83,000
302.4
10,692
25,537
193.2
5,000
6,700
142.6
763
1125
147.4
Source: International Centre for Prison Studies, London, 2008