Transcript sample presentation

Introduction
What do you know about schizophrenia? True/False
1. Schizophrenia is a brain illness
2. Schizophrenia is treatable.
3. Schizophrenia results in more hospital stays and
consumes more hospital beds than any other illness.
4. Schizophrenia usually begins sometime in middle
school ages.
5. 40% of all people with schizophrenia will attempt
suicide.
6. Approximately 30% of people who are homeless
may be living with schizophrenia.
7. The main brain chemicals (neurotransmitters)
involved in schizophrenia is dopamine
Schizophrenia

What is it?


What is it not?


Not multiple personalities
Category: Psychotic disorders


split mind – split from reality
Serious illnesses impact the mind – impact ability to think
clearly, make good judgments, communicate, understand
reality, and behavior appropriately
Other psychotic disorders

Schizoaffective disorder (combined symptoms of
schizophrenia and mood disorder)

Delusional disorder

Shared Psychotic disorder -
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
When do symptoms begin?
Onset of schizophrenia most commonly in early adulthood
Childhood and late onset can happen but very rare
Symptoms:
1.
Disorganized thinking
 Delusions
 What
are they? Explain
 Give example
 Breakdown
 What
in selective attention
does it mean? Give example
 Hallucinations
 Most
common: hearing voices
 What is it? Give examples
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
2. Inappropriate Emotions
 Flat
affect
Emotionless
state
3. Inappropriate Actions
(ex:
rubbing face)
 Catatonic
state
Motionless
 Disruptive
social behavior
Prevalence and Incidence

Prevalence
 1.1%
in U.S. (over 18)
 Worldwide: At
any one time as many as 51 million
people have schizophrenia
 United
Sates: 2.2 million people
 Incidence:
Worldwide: 1.5 million people will be diagnosed
with schizophrenia this year,
United States: About 100,000 people will be
diagnosed with schizophrenia this year.
Prevalence
Cultural differences Gender Difference

Men have higher prevalence rate overall

Men have earlier onset than women


Women have higher incidence after age
30
No gender difference in symptoms
Cultural Differences - Race
No national boundaries – experienced all
over the world
African Americans are about 3 times
more likely than whites to be
diagnosed with schizophrenia
Causes – Nature


Genes:

No one single gene causes the disease by itself

several genes are associated with an increased risk of
schizophrenia
Runs in families?



having a history of family psychosis greatly increases the risk
Brain abnormalities:

Significant Loss of Brain Gray Matter

Enlarged Ventricles in the Brain
Neurotransmitters:

overabundance of dopamine
Causes of Schizophrenia: Nurture
Myth:
Refrigerator mothers
Possible warning signs
 Birth
complications (low weight/oxygen deprivation)
 Separation from parents
 Short attention span
 Poor muscle coordination
 Disruptive or withdrawn behavior
 Emotional unpredictability
 Poor peer relations and solo play
Treatments – Therapy

Inpatient – results in more hospital stays than any other illness

Group Therapy: real-life plans, problems, and relationships. Role playing
with social and work interaction. Discussion of drug side effect.


Family therapy: teaches practices of family meetings (hold when there is
conflict) and the tools to discuss the problem and consider solutions


Success: According to Long (1996) found to decrease relapse rates,
High-stress families without therapy – 50-60% relapse/ Supportive
family therapy: relapse rate below 10%
Individual Therapy: Cognitive-Behavioral


Success: According to Long (1996) when group therapy is combined
with drugs treatment is more successful than drug therapy alone
Teaches healthy way to deal with conflict, coping strategies, new
Reponses to ongoing problems, behavioral coping skills
Individual Therapy: Psychotherapy

Monitor medication use, learn social skills, set goals, advice,
reassurance, and reality testing.

Not treatment of choice for people with schizophrenia
Treatments: Medication

Medication:
 Antipsychotics:
life
Types:
Mid 1950s, improve quality of
Thorazine and Haldol
Side
effects: Sedation, headaches,
dizziness, anxiety, weight gain, tardive
dyskinesia, sexual dysfunction
 Atypical
effects
Types:
Side
 Most
antipsychotics: 1989. Fewer side
Clozaril
effects: decreases white cells
successful and most common
Treatable or Curable?

Treatable

Most people can to outpatient

Can lead happy and productive lives

62.7% controlling symptoms

56.8% were living independently

41.4% were employed

58.3% expressed overall life satisfaction


(Drake, McHugo, Xie, Fox, Packard & Helmstetter, 2006).
But it isn’t easy:

40% of all people with schizophrenia will attempt suicide.
Approximately 30% of people who are homeless may be living with
schizophrenia.
Challenges

Life with schizophrenia

How would this impact you at work? In
relationships?

Lose friendships – hard to trust

Hard on family

Hard to concentrate in school and work – many
people drop out or quit their job

Bring in case study

Other challenges:

Knowing reality from delusion

Taking medication
What do you know about schizophrenia? True/False
1. Schizophrenia is a brain illness
2. Schizophrenia is treatable.
3. Schizophrenia results in more hospital stays and
consumes more hospital beds than any other illness.
4. Schizophrenia usually begins sometime in middle
school ages.
5. 40% of all people with schizophrenia will attempt
suicide.
6. Approximately 30% of people who are homeless
may be living with schizophrenia.
7. The main brain chemicals (neurotransmitters)
involved in schizophrenia is dopamine
Did you?

Did you print out and turn in handout

Make sure to include handout in presentation – go over the
handout with the class

Did you have a visual that enhanced the presentation – did
you explain the visual?

Did you print out your workcited?

Did you print out your power point – 6 per slide

Did you print out your letter – write your names and disorder
on the back